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Objective: This study sought to evaluate the clinical outcome after extended sentinel lymph node dissection (eSLND) and radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP) in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer (PCa). Subjects and Methods: From August 2002 until February 2011, a total of 819 patients with clinically localized PCa, confirmed by biopsy, were treated with RRP plus eSLND. Biochemical recurrence-free survival (RFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS) were assessed with Kaplan-Meier curves. Various histopathological parameters were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: The mean follow-up was 5.3 years. Lymph node (LN) metastases occurred in 140 patients. We removed an average of 10.9 LNs via eSLND from patients with pN1 PCa. Postoperatively, 121 pN1 patients temporarily received adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy. The mean survival periods for RFS, RFS after secondary treatment, CSS, and OS were 4.7, 7.0, 8.8, and 8.1 years, respectively. The cancer-specific death rate of the 140 pN1 patients was 13.6%. RFS, CSS, and OS were significantly correlated with pathological margin status, LN density, the total diameter of evident metastases, and membership in the subgroup ‘micrometastases only'. Conclusion: Despite the presence of LN metastases, patients with a low nodal tumor burden demonstrate a remarkable clinical outcome after undergoing eSLND and RRP, thus suggesting a potential curative therapeutic approach.

The method of fractal geometry enables both an objective and quantitative grading of prostate cancer.

As an alternative to percutaneous nephrolithotomy, repositioning of renal stones to the renal pelvis with the flexible instrument allows in selected cases safe laser fragmentation through a semirigid instrument. Access or exposition-related problems can be solved and repair costs of the instruments will be minimized.

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