The EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study, a cross-sectional, clinic-based study, was designed to measure the prevalence of diabetic complications in stratified samples of European insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients. As diet may be related to diabetic complications, nutritional intake was analysed in the study population. The aims of this first nutritional paper are to describe the nutrient intake in 2868 IDDM patients from 30 centres in 16 countries throughout Europe, to investigate the degree of regional differences in nutrient intake and to compare current intakes with recommended levels. Nutritional intake from 1458 male and 1410 female IDDM patients was assessed by a validated 3-day record (two weekdays, Sunday) and centrally analysed. Mean energy intake for all patients was 2390 +/- 707 kcal/day. Mean protein intake was 1.5 +/- 0.5 g/kg body weight. Carbohydrate intake was 43% and fibre intake 18 g/day. Alcohol intake for the total cohort was 2% of energy. Total fat contributed 38% of energy, with 14% from saturated fat. The Italian centres reported lower total and saturated fat intakes compared with other centres. Recommendations from the Diabetes and Nutrition Study Group of the EASD for total fat, saturated fatty acids and carbohydrate were only achieved by 14%, 14% and 15% of patients, respectively. The data of the present study clearly indicate current problems in the nutritional intake of European IDDM patients. These findings contribute to the definition of future targets in the nutritional management of IDDM patients, to be achieved as part of the initiatives taken by the St. Vincent Declaration action programme.

No abstract

The EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study, a cross-sectional, clinic-based study, was designed to measure the prevalence of diabetic complications in stratified samples of European insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients. As diet may be related to diabetic complications, nutritional intake was analysed in the study population. The aims of this first nutritional paper are to describe the nutrient intake in 2868 IDDM patients from 30 centres in 16 countries throughout Europe, to investigate the degree of regional differences in nutrient intake and to compare current intakes with recommended levels. Nutritional intake from 1458 male and 1410 female IDDM patients was assessed by a validated 3-day record (two weekdays, Sunday) and centrally analysed. Mean energy intake for all patients was 2390 +/- 707 kcal/day. Mean protein intake was 1.5 +/- 0.5 g/kg body weight. Carbohydrate intake was 43% and fibre intake 18 g/day. Alcohol intake for the total cohort was 2% of energy. Total fat contributed 38% of energy, with 14% from saturated fat. The Italian centres reported lower total and saturated fat intakes compared with other centres. Recommendations from the Diabetes and Nutrition Study Group of the EASD for total fat, saturated fatty acids and carbohydrate were only achieved by 14%, 14% and 15% of patients, respectively. The data of the present study clearly indicate current problems in the nutritional intake of European IDDM patients. These findings contribute to the definition of future targets in the nutritional management of IDDM patients, to be achieved as part of the initiatives taken by the St. Vincent Declaration action programme.

D-19466, a new platinum complex, was characterized. It showed no nephrotoxic side-effects as determined by the measurement of blood urea. It was cytotoxic in vitro for tumor cells in concentrations comparable to or lower than cytotoxic concentrations of cisplatin. It had excellent anticancer activity in vivo against a number of murine experimental tumors, including a cisplatin-resistant P388 line. Clinical evaluation of this compound has therefore been initiated.

Octadecyl-[2-(N-methylpiperidinio)ethyl]-phosphate (OMPEP, D-20133), a heterocyclic analogue of hexadecylphosphocholine (MIL), has been synthesized in an attempt to increase the therapeutic range of the parent compound. The antineoplastic activity of the novel alkylphospholipid was compared with that of MIL in dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced mammary carcinoma of the rat. Using tumors of different sizes and repeated daily doses as well as high single doses, we achieved marked remissions with either compound. However, the therapeutic range of OMPEP was broader than that of the parent drug. Furthermore, the emetic potential of OMPEP tested on ferrets was distinctly less pronounced than that of MIL. In vitro the new alkylphospholipid proved to be more active than MIL in all cell lines tested, and its differentiation-inducing capacity turned out to be superior to that of MIL. No hematological toxicity was observed at various OMPEP doses during a 3-week treatment period.