United Nations member agreed on a new framework, namely the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), one of the SDG's goal is to reduce neonatal deaths to 12 deaths per 1,000 births. The most common causes of neonatal deaths according to WHO are prematurity, asphyxia, and infection. Neonatal mortality rate in Indonesia is still quite high compared to Southeast Asian countries. Neonatal mortality rates in Indonesia was recorded 14 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2017, 17 deaths per 1,000 births in Java. In 2015, the number of neonatal deaths in Sukabumi District was still quite high in West Java. This study aims to determine the mortality rate and causes of neonatal deaths in Sukabumi District in 2013-2017. This research is a descriptive study and the subject was neonatal mortality data obtained from the Health Office of Sukabumi District, West Java. The results of the study in Sukabumi District, West Java showed that the neonatal mortality rate in 2013 was around 7.8 per 1,000 births, around 6.3 per 1,000 births in 2014, 5.3 per 1,000 births in 2015, 5.5 per 1,000 births in 2016, and around 4.3 per 1,000 births in 2017. The most common causes of neonatal death in 2013 to 2017 was asphyxia with an average of 29,8%, Low Birth Weight (LBW) 25,8%, congenital anomaly 12,8%, infection 4%, tetanus neonatorum 2%, and other diseases 25,6%. The neonatal mortality rate in Sukabumi District has decreased every year, this is in accordance with the SDG's goals, and the diagnosis of causes of neonatal deaths in Sukabumi District has not fully following the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th revision (ICD-10).
Kunyit (Curcuma longa) merupakan tanaman obat yang banyak terdapat di Asia, sering digunakan sebagai bumbu ataupun obat tradiosional. Tanaman kunyit memiliki akar (rimpang) berwarna kuning tua dan mengandung senyawa penting, diantaranya curcumin dan ar-tumeron yang berperan dalam menghambat pembekuan darah. Saat ini salah satu penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas di dunia adalah penyakit kardiovaskular seperti stroke dan penyakit jantung koroner. Potensi kunyit yang dapat bersifat antikoagulan diharapkan menjadi alternatif pencegahan penyakit kardiovaskular. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui efek ekstrak etanol rimpang kunyit secara in vivo terhadap bleeding time (BT), dan secara in vitro terhadap prothrombin time (PT) dan retraksi bekuan. Uji in vitro menggunakan sampel darah manusia yang ditambahkan ekstrak rimpang kunyit, sedangkan uji in vivo dengan cara memberikan ekstrak rimpang kunyit secara per oral terhadap mencit. Pemeriksaan PT menggunakan metode tilt tube, pemeriksaan retraksi bekuan menggunakan whole blood lalu didiamkan selama 2 jam dan dihitung sisa serumnya (volume serum/volume darah awal x100%), sedangkan pemeriksaan BT dilakukan dengan menginsisi ekor tikus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata PT dan BT memanjang pada semua semua kelompok uji. Semakin besar dosis ekstrak rimpang kunyit maka semakin memanjang nilai PT dan BT. Retraksi bekuan pada kelompok uji menunjukkan rerata persentase serum yang rendah dibandingkan kontrol negatif, dan semakin besar dosis ekstrak yang diberikan maka semakin rendah nilai retraksi bekuannya. Hal tersebut diduga karena zat-zat aktif seperti curcumin dan ar-tumeron dapat menghambat proses pembekuan darah sehingga memengaruhi hasil pemeriksaan hemostasis darah.
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