Streptococcus mutans merupakan bakteri yang dapat menyebabkan karies pada gigi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah uji aktivitas antibakteri daun ganitri. Metode yang digunakan adalah difusi paper disk dengan konsentrasi ekstrak 10; 20; 30; 40; 50 dan 100%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak metanol dengan konsentrasi 50% dan 70% memiliki daya hambat kuat dengan zona hambat 16.70 dan 17,68 mm. Sedangkan ekstrak akuades pada konsentrasi 30% dan 100% memiliki zona hambat sedang dengan diameter 11,04 dan 11,39 mm. Simpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu terdapat perbedaan diameter zona hambat yang signifikan pada setiap perlakuan.
Ceylon olive (Elaeocarpus serratus L.) leaves have shown many pharmacological effects. Standardization of crude drug and extract needs to be conducted to assure the quality of the said material and further to support the pharmacological, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity effects. Standardization of Ceylon olive leaf extract is carried out to determine the standard parameters of crude drug and ethanolic extract of Ceylon olive leaves. Determination of the quality standard of crude drug and extract includes specific and non-specific parameters. The extract was obtained from a 70% ethanol maceration method with a yield of 16.02%. Macroscopic observations showed crude drugs of Ceylon olive leaves occurred as green in color, lanceolate leaves, 2-12 mm stems, and jagged leaves not deep, black spots, 10-15 side leaf bones, 6-18 cm long and 2-6 cm wide. Organoleptic of ethanolic extract of Ceylon olive showed thick consistency, blackish-brown colored, with a distinctive odor and a bitter taste. The water-soluble extractive value in crude drugs and extract was 16.48 and 51.54%, while the ethanol-soluble extractive value was 23.17 and 53.67%, respectively. The extract contained tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, and saponins. Moisture content in the crude drugs and extracts was 22.09 and 25.53%. Total ash content in crude drugs and extracts was 33.53 and 30.62%, while their acid-insoluble ash content was 15.94 and 10.06%, respectively. Loss on drying of the crude drugs and extracts was 20.52 and 23.84% respectively. As the standard parameters of crude drugs and ethanolic extract of Ceylon olive leaves are not yet included in any formal monograph in Indonesia, the values of parameters reported in this study should be used as the reference of the standard quality parameter for those materials.
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) merupakan suatu krisis global terutama pada fase urbanisasi yangcepat, perubahan gaya hidup, dan pola makan yang tidak sehat. Prevalensi Diabetes MellitusType 2 (DMT2) di Indonesia pada tahun 2018 sebanyak 8.5% yang artinya sebanyak 20.4juta masyarakat Indonesia menderita DMT2. Berbagai pengobatan yang efektif telah seringdidapatkan pasien DMT2 tetapi kadar gula darah masih belum terkontrol sehingga akanmempengaruhi kualitas hidupnya. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui hubungan luaranterapi dengan kualitas hidup pada pasien DMT2 yang menggunakan insulin. Penelitiandilaksanakan dengan desain cross-sectional, menggunakan instrumen kuesioner DiabetesQuality of Life Clinical Trial Questionnaire (DQLCTQ) dan data rekam medis pada pasienDMT2 yang menggunakan insulin di Apotek X Kota Yogyakarta. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa dari 50 responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi, sebanyak 48%berjenis kelamin laki-laki dan 52% berjenis kelamin perempuan dan didominasi umur >60tahun sebanyak 60%. Gambaran luaran terapi gula darah puasa (GDP) menunjukkan hasilterkontrol sebanyak 28% dan tidak terkontrol 72%. Kualitas hidup baik pada domain fungsifisik sebanyak 72%, energi 22%, tekanan kesehatan 92%, kesehatan mental 56%, kepuasanpribadi 42%, kepuasan pengobatan 54%, efek pengobatan 20%, dan frekuensi gejalapenyakit 60%. Hasil uji chi-square menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antaraluaran terapi dengan kualitas hidup (p>0.05). Kata Kunci : luaran terapi gula darah puasa (GDP), kualitas hidup, diabetes mellitus type 2
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