Background: Varicose veins are defined as dilated, tortuous, and elongated superficial veins of the lower limbs with incompetent valves. Varicose veins are described by the World Health Organization (WHO) as dilatation of the veins, which are sometimes tortuous. Varicose veins are divided into primary and secondary varicose veins according to their etiology. Sclerotherapy could be a minimally invasive technique that uses an injection of a special chemical (sclerosant) into varicosity to wreck and scar the inside lining of the vein. Resulting in blockage of the treated vein. Patients and Methods: This study was conducted at Sohag University hospitals to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and patient satisfaction following foam sclerotherapy for varicose veins. There have been 60 cases with lower limb varicosities whose mean age was 33.72 years (range, 20 -52). Females represented 62% of cases, while the remaining cases were males. As regards the duration of varicosities during this study, it had a mean of 6.03 years (range, 1 -12). The right leg was affected in 52% of cases, while the other cases had the left side affected. The large saphenous veins were treated with 3% Aethoxysclerol. Accessory great saphenous and short saphenous veins were treated with 2% Aethoxysclerol. Reticular veins and telangiectasia treated with 1% Aethoxysclerol Results: The cosmetic appearance showed a major improvement (p < 0.001) after our intervention. Pain sensation was significantly decreased after the intervention. Only 25% of cases reported that sensation after 1 week, which percent decreased all the way down to 3, 3, and seven during the following visits respectively. Saphenofemoral reflux was present in 48% of cases before the intervention, and it decreased all the way down to 7, 3, 3, and seven of cases at the scheduled follow-up visits respectively. Complications were reported by 28% of cases, Skin hyperpigmentation was the most common complication (22%), followed by visual disturbances (8%), and thrombophlebitis(7%). Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy seemed to be a safe and effective procedure for the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency within the selected group of patients.
Background: Varicose veins are defined as dilated, tortuous, and elongated superficial veins of the lower limbs with incompetent valves. Sclerotherapy could be a minimally invasive technique that uses an injection of a special chemical (sclerosant) into a varicosity to wreck and scar the inside lining of the vein. Resulting in blockage of the treated vein. Objective: To explain the efficacy and safety of foam sclerotherapy within the treatment of varicose veins and to see patient's satisfaction after ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy. Patients and Methods: This study was conducted at Sohag University hospitals to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and patient satisfaction following foam sclerotherapy for varicose veins. There was 60 cases with lower limb varicosities whose mean age was 33.72 years (range 20 -52). Females represented 62% of cases, while the remaining cases were males. Results:The cosmetic appearance showed a major improvement (p < 0.001) after our intervention. Pain sensation was significantly decreased after the intervention. Only 25% of cases reported that sensation after 1 week, of which percent decreased all the way down to 3, 3, and seven during the following visits respectively. Saphenofemoral reflux was present in 48% of cases before the intervention, and it decreased all the way down to 7, 3, 3, and seven of cases at the scheduled follow up visits respectively. Complications were reported by 28% of cases. Skin hyperpigmentation was the most common complication (22%), followed by visual disturbances (8%), and thrombophlebitis (7%). Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy seemed to be a safe and effective procedure for the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency within the selected group of patients.
BACkgROunD: Cervical spine involvement in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) can cause pain and disability, with a variety of neurologic signs and symptoms. OBjeCTIveS: To investigate the relationship between structural cervical spine involvement in patients with RA with the age at disease onset and the degree of radiologic severity of RA measured by Larsen scoring. PATIenTS AnD meThODS: This cross-sectional study included 50 adult patients with RA. Patients who complained or not complained from symptoms of cervical spine involvement in RA were included; we did X-ray of the cervical spine, hands, and feet; Larsen scoring method; disease activity score (DAS28); and Neck Disability Index. ReSulTS: The results revealed that patients with cervical involvement tend to be younger at their disease onset than those with no cervical involvement, as detected by cervical X-ray. The relation was significant P < .05 regarding all cervical involvements except for basilar invagination. Disease radiological severity (measured by Larsen score) significantly increases the risk for subaxial subluxation, P = .040. All other cervical complications of RA tend to have nonsignificant relation with disease severity. Using univariate binary regression analysis for risk factors for cervical involvement showed that the only probable risk factor for cervical involvement (detected by X-ray) in patients with RA is age at disease onset. COnCluSIOnS: The early age at disease onset tends to affect cervical spine involvement in patients with RA more than the disease radiological severity.
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