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Low bone mineral density is highly prevalent in patients with noncholestatic cirrhosis. Older patients, post-menopausal women and patients with severe hepatic dysfunction experienced more advanced bone disease. The laboratory tests routinely determined in patients with liver disease did not reliably predict low bone mineral density.

-Background -There are limited studies on the prevalence and risk factors associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. (P=0.0009, OR=44.4, CI 4.7 to 412.7) and hemodialysis (P=0.0004, OR=90.1, CI 7.5 -407.1) were independent predictors. Spatial analysis of the prevalence with socioeconomic indices, Gross Domestic Product and Human Development Index by the geoprocessing technique showed no positive correlation. Conclusion -The prevalence of HCV infection was 0.7%. The independent risk factors for HCV infection were age, InDU, Gluconergan® and hemodialysis. There was no spatial correlation of HCV prevalence with local economic factors.

RESUMO | Introdução:A escolha deste tema se deve ao fato de presenciarmos, nas últimas décadas, transformações importantes no mundo do trabalho como a reestruturação produtiva, as novas formas de gestão e organização, e as novas tecnologias e modelos inovadores que modificam a própria natureza de alguns modos de trabalhar. Objetivo: Apresentar algumas concepções sobre os significados e sentidos do trabalho que possam auxiliar a prática profissional do Médico do Trabalho em diferentes contextos no cotidiano do exercício profissional. Metodologia: Tratase de uma revisão dos conceitos sobre os significados e sentidos do trabalho presentes na literatura com a apresentação das principais abordagens que discorrem sobre esses construtos. Resultados e Discussão: Os referenciais teórico-conceituais que nortearam nossa discussão possuem dispositivos capazes de evidenciar a complexidade do fenômeno estudado e revelam os diferentes modos de pensar a subjetividade nas suas conexões com o trabalho. Todavia, o tema necessita ser estudado em uma perspectiva interdisciplinar, pois a articulação entre os saberes das diferentes disciplinas atuantes no campo da saúde no trabalho poderá contribuir para a reflexão das práticas do Médico do Trabalho no que tange aos fatores de riscos psicossociais no contexto laboral. Conclusão: Conclui-se que, independentemente da perspectiva adotada para esta compreensão entre os significados e sentidos do trabalho, faz-se necessário tomar como referência fundamental um dos elementos essenciais, a subjetividade do trabalhador, componente intrínseco nas relações de trabalho e nos estudos relativos à saúde do trabalhador. Palavras-Chave: Saúde do Trabalhador, Satisfação no Trabalho, Subjetividade ABSTRACT | Introduction:This theme was chosen due to the major transformations witnessed, in recent decades, in the world of work such as productive restructuring, new management and organization methods, and new technologies and innovative models that change the nature of some working modes. Objective: To present some conceptions about the meanings and senses of work that may help the professional role of Occupational Physicians in different contexts in their routine of professional activities. Methodology: This is a review of the concepts about the meanings and senses of the work present in literature with the presentation of the main approaches that address these constructs. Results and Discussion: The theoretical and conceptual references that have guided our discussion include provisions capable of highlighting the complexity of the phenomenon studied and reveal the different ways of thinking the subjectivity in their connections with the work. However, the theme needs to be studied in an interdisciplinary perspective, once the relationship between the knowledge of the various disciplines involved in the field of occupational health will be able to contribute to the reflection of the activities of Occupational Physicians with regard to psychosocial risks factors in the labor context. Conclusion:In conclu...

Non-alcoholic fat liver disease (NAFLD) is a pathologic entity characterized by an excessive accumulation of hepatic lipid without alcohol consumption. Both endurance and strength exercise have shown to be beneficial in NAFLD. PubMed database has been searched for randomized trials and prospective cohort studies in adults aged ≥ 18, rats and mice that have investigated the effects of at least 4 weeks of exercise only or combination with diet on NAFLD from 2014 to 2019. The review selected have been those in which exercise was clearly described by type, duration, intensity, and frequency, and that the NAFLD diagnosis, as well as the outcome measures, were confirmed through, at least, one of the following methods: biopsy, anthropometric measures, blood testing, ultrasonography imaging, biochemical analysis and Image Resonance Magnetic (MRI). Lifestyle has shown to greatly influence human behavior and health, however, a major factor impacting studies results is the difficulty in controlling people`s compliance with a healthier lifestyle, unlike animals that are forced to exercise over time, frequency and intensity, according to the researchers` wish. Therefore, animal studies have shown better results of the effect of exercise on the disease. However, both human and animal studies have reached a positive change in the following parameters: weight, fat percentage, blood glucose, insulin and ALT and AST levels. Physical exercise improves nonalcoholic fat liver disease (NAFLD), however, an optimum approach is still unclear. A regular and long-term systematic practice of exercise leads to better general health, body weight control, and life quality improvement.