In the last few years, the role of oral microbiota in the setting of oral diseases such as caries, periodontal disease, oral cancer and systemic infections, including rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular disease and brain abscess (BA), has attracted the attention of physicians and researchers. Approximately 5–7% of all BAs have an odontogenic origin, representing an important pathological systemic condition with a high morbidity and mortality. A systematic search of two databases (Pubmed and Ovid EMBASE) was performed for studies published up to 5 January 2021, reporting multiple BAs attributed to an odontogenic origin. According to PRISMA guidelines, we included a total of 16 papers reporting multiple BAs due to odontogenic infections. The aim of this review is to investigate the treatment modality and the clinical outcome of patients with multiple BAs due to odontogenic infections, as well as to identify the most common pathogens involved in this pathological status and their role, in the oral microbiota, in the onset of oral infections. A multidisciplinary approach is essential in the management of multiple BAs. Further studies are required to understand better the role of microbiota in the development of multiple BAs.

Background: Double epidural hematomas (EDHs) have a higher mortality rate compared to single EDHs and same Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), although double EDHs incidence is less common. Case Description: We present the case of a 34-year-old female who underwent single skin incision and frontotemporal and suboccipital craniotomies for fatal traumatic double acute EDHs, then, a literature review was performed. Conclusion: Double EDHs in association with low GCS at presentation and traumatic diastasis of cranial sutures or other maxillofacial injuries are associated to an unfavorable outcome.

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