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Wiesenthal, and all those who participated in the 1999 Violations Conference sponsored by the University of Toronto and the 1998 LaMarsh Research Centre on Violence and Conflict Resolution Graduate Student Symposium for their comments and criticisms on previous d r a b of this paper. We also thank all of the women who participated in this study. Further, we thank the members of our research team:As men on the street lose their former authoritarian power in the household, they lash out against the women and children they can no longer control. Men are not accepting the new rights and roles that women are obtaining; instead, they are desperately attempting to reassert their grandfathers' lost autocratic control over their households and over public space. Bourgois, 1995: 5IT IS A STAPLE OF MANY VARIETIES of sociological criminology that social strain has the ultimate effect of raising violence and crime rates. The anomie school of thought in criminology is based on the proposition that economic conditions generally are tied to crime. Although there have always been, and continue to be, movements within criminology arguing that personality and community flaws are the major cause of crime (e.g., J. , the sociological criminology has continued to tie criminal activity to social structural factors. Agnew (19921, for example, has recently called for a renewed emphasis on strain theory in arguing that a reduction of economic inequality would have the effect of similarly reducing interpersonal crime. A number of theorists contend that one can see a direct relationship between welfare rates and crime, whereby higher welfare levels lower crime rates (Messner and Rosenfeld