El estrés laboral es una problemática constante, presente en los contextos laborales que afecta el desarrollo del trabajador en las esferas fisiológicas, comportamental, intelectual y psicoemocional. Existe evidencia del origen laboral del estrés, pero se requieren mayores estudios para determinar el factor psicosocial que incide en cada dimensión del estrés. El objetivo de la investigación es determinar el grado de riesgo de diversos factores psicosociales para cada tipo de síntomas de estrés. Se realizó un estudio transversal, descriptivo, con una muestra de Población Económicamente Activa de 542 trabajadores peruanos, todos pertenecientes a la economía formal con diversos tipos de puestos de trabajo. Los factores psicosociales con mayor exposición negativa fueron las “Exigencias Laborales”, el “Contenido y características de la tarea” y la “Carga de Trabajo”. Los siete factores psicosociales estudiados fueron consistentemente factor de riesgo para los síntomas fisiológicos e intelectuales; en ningún caso se mostraron como factor de riesgo para los síntomas psicoemocionales del estrés, y para los síntomas comportamentales solo el factor de “Papel laboral y desarrollo de la carrera” calificó como factor: de riesgo.AbstractWork-related stress is a constant problem that affects the development of the worker in the physiological, behavioral, intellectual and psycho-emotional spheres. There is evidence of the occupational origins of stress, but further studies are required to determine the psychosocial factor that affects each dimension of the stress. The objective of this research is to determine the degree of risk of various psychosocial factors for each type of stress symptoms. A cross-sectional, descriptive study was carried out, with a sample of 542 Economically Active Population of Peruvian workers, all belonging to the formal economy with different types of jobs. The psychosocial factors with greater negative exposure were the "Labor Requirements", "Content and characteristics of the task" and the "Workload". The seven psychosocial factors studied were consistently a risk factor for physiological and intellectuals symptoms; in no case they were showed to be a risk factor for the psycho-emotional symptoms of stress. The factor of "Work role and development of the career" was qualified as a risk factor only for behavioral symptoms.
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