Background: The explanation of epidural analgesia by anesthesiologist would often begin after the parturient is admitted to the hospital. Because of labor pain, the decision of receiving epidural analgesia would often be made by the family members, instead of the parturient herself. We aimed to test whether earlier prenatal shared decisionmaking (SDM) interventions increase parturient's comprehension and satisfaction of epidural labor analgesia, compared to conventional explanation after labor pain begun. Methods: During the 28th week of gestation, we provided the SDM parturient health education as well as a leaflet with quick response codes. Scanning the code would link to education videoclips which explained what epidural analgesia is and its advantages and disadvantages. Original routine practice group parturients received explanation of analgesia after admission for delivery. To measure the satisfaction of labor pain service, the accessibility of information, and the communication with medical staff, we designed a questionnaire with reference to (1) Pregnancy and Maternity Care Patients' Experiences Questionnaire (PreMaPEQ), (2) Preterm Birth Experience and Satisfaction Scale (P-BESS), and (3) Women's Views of Birth Labor Satisfaction Questionnaire (WOMBLSQ). The questionnaire was amended after a pretest involving 30 parturients who had received epidural analgesia. Scree test analysis and exploratory factor analysis were performed; then, the questionnaire was revised again. A total of 200 valid questionnaires were collected-100 each from the original routine practice group and the SDM group. Results: The SDM group reported significantly higher satisfaction with and understanding of epidural analgesia, and a significantly higher satisfaction with the information received, and the quality of pain relief. After SDM intervention, significant increasement of the average satisfaction scores in question "my epidural is effective" (9.10%; mean difference: 0.38; 95% confidence interval, 0.17~0.59; p < 0.001) and "The effect of epidural is just as what I have expected" (10.41%; mean difference: 0.41; 95% confidence interval, 0.18~0.64; p < 0.001) was demonstrated.

Recall and information sources regarding the risks of regional anaesthesia in women having lower segment caesarean section have not been adequately assessed previously. We aimed to survey women's recall of their preanaesthesia risk discussion and determine where women, presenting for lower segment caesarean section under regional anaesthesia, obtain risk information. Following a small pilot survey, women's responses were recorded for "spontaneous" or "prompted" recalled risks, the information source and its reliability. One-hundred and fifty women were surveyed following caesarean section. Seventy women (46.7%) had an elective procedure and 80 (53.3%) had an emergency procedure. Overall, 142 women (94.6%) recalled at least four risks (44.6% spontaneously; 66% prompted). Of those women giving at least four spontaneous responses, 41 (58.6%) had elective and 26 (32.5%) had emergency lower segment caesarean section (P=0.001). The majority of women stated that anaesthetists were the main, and most reliable, source of their information regarding risks of regional anaesthesia for caesarean section. This report identifies the risks associated with regional anaesthesia for caesarean section that women most frequently recall, namely headache, paralysis, nerve damage and inadequate block.

Introduction: Surgical stress and pain are potential provoking factors for postoperative myasthenic crisis (POMC). We report the occurrence of early POMC and late deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in a man with myasthenia gravis (MG) undergoing thymectomy, addressing possible link between reversal of opioid overdose with naloxone and the triggering of POMC. Patient concerns: A 71-year-old man with impaired renal function (ie, estimated glomerular filtration rate [egfr]: 49.1 mL/min/1.73 m2) with diagnosis of MG made 2 months ago was scheduled for thymectomy. After uncomplicated surgery, he experienced opioid overdose that was treated with naloxone. Hyperlactatemia then developed with a concomitant episode of hypertension. Three hours after reversal, he suffered from myasthenic crisis presenting with respiratory failure and difficult weaning from mechanical ventilation. Diagnosis: Stress-induced hyperlactatemia and subsequent myasthenic crisis Interventions: Pyridostigmine and immunosuppressive therapy with prednisolone were initiated. Hyperlactatemia subsided on postoperative day (POD) 5. Tracheal extubation was performed successfully on POD 6. Outcomes: During the course of hospitalization, his eGFR (ie, 88.9 mL/min/1.73 m2) was found to improve postoperatively. After discharge from hospital, he developed DVT in the left femoral and popliteal veins on POD 24 when he was readmitted for immediate treatment with low-molecular-weight heparin. He was discharged without sequelae on POD 31. There was no recurrence of myasthenic crisis or DVT at 3-month follow-up. Conclusions: Following naloxone administration, hyperlactatemia may be an indicator of pain-related stress response, which is a potential provoking factor for myasthenic crisis. Additionally, patients with MG may have an increased risk of DVT possibly attributable to immune-mediated inflammation. These findings highlight the importance of perioperative avoidance of provoking factors including monitoring of stress-induced elevations in serum lactate concentration, close postoperative surveying for myasthenic crisis, and early recognition of possible thromboembolic complications in this patient population.

This meta-analysis aimed to assess the clinical association of the preoperative prognostic nutritional index (pre-PNI) with the risk of postoperative acute kidney injury. Four databases (e.g., Medline) were searched from inception to December 2022 to investigate the association between pre-PNI (i.e., low vs. high) and PO-PNI as well as the correlation between pre-PNI and other postoperative prognostic indices. Overall, 13 observational studies, including 9185 patients, were eligible for analysis. A low PNI was related to increased risks of PO-AKI [odd ratio (OR) = 1.65, p = 0.001, 3811 patients], postoperative infection (OR = 2.1, p < 0.00001, 2291 patients), and mortality (OR = 1.93, p < 0.0001, 2159 patients). Albeit statistically nonsignificant, a trend was noted, linking a low PNI to higher risks of postoperative bleeding (OR = 2.5, p = 0.12, 1157 patients) and stroke (OR = 1.62, p = 0.07, 2036 patients). Pooled results revealed a prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) stay in patients with low PNIs compared to those with high PNIs (MD: 0.98 days, p = 0.02, 2209 patients) without a difference in hospital stay between the two groups (MD: 1.58 days, p = 0.35, 2249 patients). This meta-analysis demonstrated an inverse correlation between PNI and the risks of PO-AKI, postoperative infection, and mortality, as well as the length of ICU stay, which warrants further investigations for verification.

BackgroundThe potential link between Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) and prognosis in patients with glioma remains uncertain. This meta-analysis was conducted to assess the clinical value of PNI in glioma patients by integrating all available evidence to enhance statistical power.MethodA systematic search of databases including Medline, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library was conducted from inception to January 8, 2023 to retrieve all pertinent peer-reviewed articles. The primary outcome of the study was to examine the association between a high PNI value and overall survival, while secondary outcome included the relationship between a high PNI and progression-free survival.ResultsIn this meta-analysis, we included 13 retrospective studies published from 2016 to 2022, which analyzed a total of 2,712 patients. Across all studies, surgery was the primary treatment modality, with or without chemotherapy and radiotherapy as adjunct therapies. A high PNI was linked to improved overall survival (Hazard Ratio (HR) = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.52 to 0.72, p &lt; 0.00001, I2 = 25%), and this finding remained consistent even after conducting sensitivity analysis. Subgroup analyses based on ethnicity (Asian vs. non-Asian), sample size (&lt;200 vs. &gt;200), and source of hazard ratio (univariate vs. multivariate) yielded consistent outcomes. Furthermore, patients with a high PNI had better progression-free survival than those with a low PNI (HR=0.71, 95% CI: 0.58 to 0.88, p=0.001, I2 = 0%).ConclusionOur meta-analysis suggested that a high PNI was associated with better overall survival and progression-free survival in patients with glioma. These findings may have important implications in the treatment of patients with glioma. Additional studies on a larger scale are necessary to investigate if integrating the index into the treatment protocol leads to improved clinical outcomes in individuals with glioma.Systematic review registration[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/], identifier [CRD42023389951].