This work represents an effective design of a temperature regulated PV module by integrating phase change materials for Malaysian weather condition. Through the numerical analysis and experimental investigation it has been shown that if a PCM layer of width 0.02 m of RT 35 is used as a cooling arrangement with a PV module, the surface temperature of the module is reduced by 10°C, which remains constant for a period of 4–6 hours. This reduction of temperature implies the increase in conversion efficiency of the module. Experiment as well as investigation has been carried out considering typical Malaysian weather. Obtained result has been validated by using experimental prototype and comparative analysis.

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High quality products produced by computerized numerical control machining has a high demand in the industry due to its effect on product appearance, function, and reliability. In order to improve its quality, the application of nano-cutting fluid system can significantly reduce the cutting forces, surface roughness and cutting temperature as the nanoparticles are known as superior in reducing the friction between the workpiece-tool. In this study, nano-cutting fluid containing multi-wall carbon nanotubes mixed with vegetable oil is developed and applied to the cutting process of aluminium alloy Al6061 which employed minimum quantity lubricant to increase the effectiveness of the nano-cutting fluid. Surface roughness and cutting forces are analyzed by using signal-to-noise response analysis and the analysis of variance (Pareto ANOVA) to determine the optimum parameter of the experiment. The experiment shows the combinations of nanoparticle concentration (A2, 0.2 %), cutting speed (B1, 1000 min -1 ), feed rate (C3, 200 mm/min) and depth of cut (D1, 2 mm) for lowest cutting force, nanoparticle concentration (A3, 0.8 %), cutting speed (B1, 1000 min -1 ), feed rate (C2, 150 mm/min) and depth of cut (D1, 2 mm) for lowest cutting temperature and nanoparticle concentration (A2, 0.2 %), cutting speed (B2, 2000 min -1 ), feed rate (C2, 150 mm/min) and depth of cut (D1, 2 mm) for lowest surface roughness.