This study aims to investigate the level of walking behaviour of three major ethnic groups living in Kuala Lumpur and to ascertain the main influencing factors on walking behaviour using a Health Belief Model as the theoretical base. An explanatory mixed method research design was used in this study. A total of 2150 questionnaires were mailed to a randomly selected sample from the Kuala Lumpur enumeration block, of which 478 were returned, consisting of 169 Malays, 164 Chinese, and 145 Indians. In the qualitative phase 30 respondents were equally selected from the three ethnic groups. A comparison of the walking behaviour levels between the three ethnic groups found that only 18.9% of Chinese, 37.9% of Malays, and 49.7% of Indian respondents reported that they had reached the recommended level for walking activity per week to receive the recommended health benefits. The study findings demonstrated that the perceived health beliefs from walking were found to influence respondent walking behaviour. Generally, the motivations for walking behaviour resulted from the respondents' perceptions and beliefs about the benefits gained from engaging in the activity, such as the positive health benefits, recreational benefits, to shape a beautiful body, and to reach a particular destination. In contrast, the personal constraints to engage in walking were derived from their perceptions and experiences, such as lack of time, a belief that outdoor walking can cause skin darkening, unsupportive weather, negative attitudes towards walking, threats from crime, unsafe traffic, danger of stray dogs, and unsupportive health conditions.

Cycling as one of a mode of transport in urban and residential areas has been determined as a solution for the urban issue. It is an active and environmentally friendly mode of travel. However, the relationship between the physical built environment cyclingbehaviour among residential are less associated with increasing the bike-ability of residents. The main factors as a major contributor to bike-ability behaviour are built environment and social factors. The main aspect to determine the interaction between all the factors will be based on the behaviour of individuals and their personal characteristics. The new conceptual framework of bike-ability behaviour was discovered in assisting and producing cycling behaviour within neighbourhoods.

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The homestay programme is a community-based tourism that offers tourists to experience the local lifestyle and heritage culture. Many studies focused on challenges of homestay programme, place attachment of hosts, contribution of homestay programme to rural economy. However, very few studies have focused on youths’ involvement in homestay activities. This paper aims to examine the youth’s involvement in homestay activities. A focus group discussion was conducted among the youth aged 20 - 34 years old. A non-probability sampling, that is, purposive sampling was employed. Multiple case studies in Homestay Kampung Jeruju, Homestay Kampung D’Belimbing and Homestay Kampung were selected to determine the differences between the locality factors. These findings indicate that youth's involvement in paddy field activities is based on social, physical, and economic factors. Thus, to attract youth to be involved in paddy field activities, it is recommended for the tourism players to pay attention to these three factors.

This study defines the atmosphere of architecture students studying at home using ergonomic space in the house as a learning space during the covid-19 pandemic. Since the Movement Control Order (MCO) in March 2020, all public universities in Malaysia have made it mandatory for their students to study from home (SFH). The students have different study environments depending on their family economic background. Focussing on architecture students who are involved in designing works, they need a studio-like setting I space to place drafting materials and tools, computer or laptop and study and create furniture. This conducive studio setting is a crucial component in completing good architectural works within the given time frame. In response to SFH, this research explores students’ perceptions and experiences on their home ergonomic environments and their expectations for a better home study environment. The research applied a quantitative method where sample respondents are among new Architecture degree students of UiTM Perak Branch. The Questionnaires were distributed by email to all 400 potential respondents in the first semester, and 112 respondents completed the form within a given time. In general, results have found that respondents have mixed feelings about their perception of challenges SFH.