A viewing angle switchable liquid crystal display associated with fringe-field switching mode is proposed. In the device, one pixel is composed of a main pixel and a sub-pixel, in which both pixels are formed to generate a fringe electric field. However, the field directions are different from each other so that in the main pixel, the fringe field rotates the liquid crystal for displaying the main image, whereas it controls only the tilt angle of the liquid crystal without rotating in the sub-pixel region. In this way, phase retardation to cause leakage of light at the off-normal axis can be generated in the sub-pixel, and by utilizing the light, the main displayed image in the normal direction can be blocked in the oblique viewing direction.

We propose an optical configuration for a transflective mode with a circular polarizer for the vertical alignment liquid crystal cell, which can show the wideband property of high contrast in oblique incidence. The proposed configuration consists of a biaxial film and two uniaxial films for satisfying both the transmissive and the reflective modes. Optimization of the optical configuration of the circular polarizer has been performed on the Poincaré sphere in the entire visible wavelength range using the Stokes vector and the Mueller matrix method. We also verify the excellent optical characteristics of the proposed configuration by comparing the viewing angle and contrast ratio in the oblique direction with a conventional optical configuration in calculation.

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