Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the leading cause of death for gynecological cancer. Most patients are not diagnosed until the cancer is at an advanced stage with poor prognosis. Notch1 signaling pathway plays an oncogenic role in EOC. There have been few studies on enzymatic activity of γ-secretase and the mechanism of how γ-secretase inhibitor works on cancer cell. Here, we show that Jagged1 and NICD were highly expressed in ovarian carcinoma. The expressions of Notch1, Jagged1 and NICD in Notch1 pathway did not correlate with outcome in ovarian cancer. The enzymatic activity of γ-secretase in ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV3, CAOV3 and ES2 is significantly higher than in normal ovarian epithelial cell line T29. DAPT (a γ-secretase inhibitor) reduced the enzymatic activity of γ-secretase, inhibited the proliferation, and increased the apoptosis in ovarian cancer cell lines. Hence, γ-secretase inhibitor may become a highly promising novel therapeutic strategy against ovarian cancer in the field of precision medicine.
The remarkable heterosis of the heterozygous F 1 derived from Zhikong scallop Chlamys farreri (♀) and Japanese scallop Patinopecten yessoensis (♂) has been proved during cultured process, and some genetic characteristics analysis have also been conducted using some molecular markers ISSR, SSR, MSAP, and so on. However, no study about the comparison between hybrid offspring and parents based on the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) was explored. In this study, the ITS-1 and ITS-2 of the C. farreri, P. yessoensis and their hybrid were amplified by PCR using specific primers and characteristics of those ITS regions, genetic regularity were analyzed. The results suggested that ITS-2 (334 bp-352 bp) were a little longer than ITS-1 (241 bp-256 bp) in length while the average GC content were lower than AT in most individuals, and they all had high genetic variation. Also, the gene flow between the hybrid and female parents were higher than that of hybrid and male parents. Our data implied a commonality that the ITS regions of offspring shared more similarity with that of female parents. This data in the present investigation will help for further studies in heterosis mechanism and utilization of hybrid scallop in China.
Argumentative writing is the most commonly used genre in writing classroom practices and assessments. To draft an argumentative essay in authentic settings, writers are usually required to evaluate and use content knowledge from outside sources. Although source-based argumentation is a sustainable skill that is crucial for students’ academic career, this area remains under-researched. Hence, this paper presents a within-subject study that investigated Hong Kong secondary school students’ argumentation construction in L1 and L2 source-based writing from both product-oriented and process-oriented perspectives. Multiple sources of data were collected, including L1 and L2 source-based argumentative texts, eye-tracking metrics and recorded videos, and stimulated recall interviews. Findings of our study show that the L1 source-based argumentative compositions of the Hong Kong secondary student writers differed greatly from their L2 ones in terms of the argument structure, source use, and reasoning quality. Analyses on four cases further revealed a multitude of factors such as self-regulation and cultural orientations coming into play in similar and different argumentation performance between L1 and L2 source-based writing tasks. This study contributes new knowledge to better understand the argumentation in L1 and L2 source-based writing, yielding meaningful implications on pedagogy and assessment in this field.
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