In recent years, digital technology has been widely used in various fields, and the concept of environmental art design has naturally changed, moving closer to digital technology. Genetic algorithm is a way to find approximate optimal solutions by simulating natural evolutionary processes and can solve various problems in the environmental art design process. Based on genetic algorithm, this article proposes a digital environmental art design based on DNA genetic theory. Unlike traditional design methods that generally only generate one design scheme, genetic algorithms can generate large-scale schemes and calculate the optimal scheme among many schemes. Through three interrelated experiments ranging from simple to complex, the results demonstrate the feasibility of the model proposed in this article. The construction elements and important links of environmental art design integrated with digital technology provide a good reference for the research on digital environmental art design based on DNA genetic theory.