Aim: To determine the association between vitamin D deficiency and breast cancer. Material and methods: This study was conducted on 72 participants, 36 cases and 36 healthy controls were enrolled. Basic demographic information was recorded. Vitamins D deficiency was assessed between both groups. Serum Vitamin D level < 20 ng/ml was considered as vitamin D deficient. Results: Mean age in the cases was 34.64±9.14 years and 36.22±8.78 years in controls. Significant association was found between vitamins D deficiency and breast cancer. In cases there 28 (77.7%) patients with vitamin D deficient and in controls 15 (41.7%) patients. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency is a major risk factor for breast cancer.

Aim: To compare the efficacy of intravenous dexamethasone and methylprednisolone on the treatment of hospitalized patients with covid-19. Methods: Between January 2022 and September 2022, 46 COVID-19 positive patients from the medical ward of ABWA Hospital and Research Centre participated in a randomized controlled trial. Patients in group A were given dexamethasone, whereas those in group B were given methylprednisolone. Hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, duration of oxygen therapy, death, intensive care unit hospitalization, and other outcomes were measured in both groups. For qualitative variables, Chi Square test was used, while for quantitative variables, T-Test was used. A significance level of less than 0.05 was used. Results: In Group A, the average duration of hospitalization was 7.13±2.26days, but in Group B, it was 9.61±2.33 days (P = 0.0001). Group A had considerably shorter O2 therapy duration than Group B (5.78±1.16 days vs. 8.48±1.90 days; P = 0.0001). Group A had a considerably reduced incidence of hyperglycemia and hypokalemia compared to Group B (34.8% vs 73.9%, P = 0.008) (13% vs 43.5, P = 0.02). Conclusion: We conclude that 8mg/day dexamethasone is better than 30mg methylprednisolone twice a day in treatment of COVID-19. Keywords: Efficacy, Covid-19, Dexamethasone, Methylprednisolone

Aim: To determine the frequency of perinatal outcomes in COVID-19 positive patients at obstetric and gynecological unit. Material and methods: An observational cross sectional study was conducted at Aziz Fatimah medical college, Obstetrics and Gynecology department from January 2021 to June 2021 on 100 pregnant COVID positive patients. Perinatal outcomes such as cesarean section, postpartum hemorrhage, preterm birth and NICU admissions were assessed. Data was presented as frequencies, percentages and Mean±SD. Results: Mean maternal age was 29.71±6.05 years. The mean gestational age was 36.47±3.83 weeks. Postpartum hemorrhage was seen in 11 (11%) patients, Preterm birth rate was 37 (37%), NICU admissions rate was 44 (44%) and 54 (54%) patients had cesarean section. Conclusion: Pregnant COVID 19 positive women are at great risk of having perinatal complication. Keywords: COVID-19, Perinatal outcomes, Pregnancy