PurposeFeeding tolerance is extremely important in preterm infants. This study aimed to evaluate whether preterm infants receiving Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 would develop fewer symptoms of feeding intolerance. Secondary outcomes were duration of parenteral nutrition, time to reach full feeding, length of hospital stay, sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), diarrhea, and mortality.MethodsThis double-blind randomized controlled trial of L. reuteri DSM 17938 versus placebo included 94 neonates with a gestational age of 28–34 weeks and birth weight of 1,000–1,800 g.ResultsFeeding intolerance (vomiting and/or distension) was less common in the probiotic group than in the placebo group (8.5% vs. 25.5%; relative risk, 0.33; 95% confidence interval, 0.12–0.96; p=0.03). No significant intergroup differences were found in proven sepsis, time to reach full feeding, length of hospital stay, or diarrhea. The prevalence of NEC (stages 2 and 3) was 6.4% in the placebo group vs. 0% in the probiotic group (relative risk, 1.07; 95% confidence interval, 0.99–1.15; p=0.24). Mortality rates were 2.1% in the probiotic group and 8.5% in the placebo group, p=0.36).ConclusionThe administration of L. reuteri DSM 17938 to preterm infants was safe and significantly reduced feeding intolerance. No significant differences were found in any other secondary outcomes.

Tindakan bedah merupakan salah satu intervensi perawatan yang penting. Pusat kesehatan yang telah mengetahui tingkat kejadian kasus bedah spesifik dapat melakukan persiapan dengan lebih baik. Tujuan: Mendapatkan profil kasus rawat inap pasien di bangsal Bedah RSUD Scholoo Keyen Papua Barat, Indonesia, periode Januari–Desember 2021. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif retrospektif. Hasil: Selama periode tersebut didapatkan 206 pasien. Laki-laki sebanyak 60,68%, di mana 27,18% berusia 26-35 tahun, 70,39% merupakan kasus non-trauma, dan 93,69% menjalani tindakan operatif dengan sebagian besar lama perawatan 1-3 hari (71,84%). Tiga kasus terbanyak ialah apendisitis akut (18,45%), abses (14,08%), dan tumor jinak (13,11%). Simpulan: Pada studi ini, mayoritas pasien adalah laki-laki, usia 26-35 tahun, kasus non-trauma operatif terbanyak apendisitis akut dengan lama perawatan 1-3 hari.   Surgery is an important care intervention. Health centers with data on the incidence of specific surgical cases can be better prepared. Objective: To obtain profiles of surgical cases from January to December 2021 at Scholoo Keyen General Hospital, West Papua, Indonesia. Method: A retrospective descriptive survey. Results: During the period, 206 patients were registered. Patients were predominantly male (60,68%), aged 26- 35 years (27,18%), non-traumatic cases (70,39%). Surgery was done in 93,69% of cases within 1-3 days of treatment (71,84%). Three major cases were: acute appendicitis (18,45%), abscess (14,08%), and benign tumor (13,11%). Conclusion: The majority of cases were males, aged 26-35 years, non-traumatic surgical cases with 1-3 day length of treatment; the most frequent case was acute appendicitis.

Background All pregnant women in labor should be universally screened for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) during pandemic periods using Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) test. In many low-middle income countries, screening method was developed as an initial examination because of limited availability of RT-PCR tests. Objectives This study aims to evaluate the screening methods of COVID-19 accuracy in pregnant women. Material and Methods We recruited all pregnant women with suspicion of COVID-19 from April - August 2020 at Universitas Airlangga hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. The participant was divided into two groups based on RT-PCR results: COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 group. The proportion of positive signs & symptoms, rapid antibody test, abnormal findings in chest x-ray, and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) value were then compared between both groups. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive values (NPV), and diagnostic accuracy (DOR) were calculated. Results A total 141 pregnant women with suspected COVID-19 cases were recruited for this study. This consist of 62 COVID-19 cases (43.9%) and 79 non COVID-19 pregnant women (56.1%). The sensitivity, spesificity, PPV, NPV, and diagnostic accuracy of each parameter are as follow: clinical sign & symptoms (24.19%, 75.95%, 3.92%, 96.11%, 65.87%), rapid antibody test (72.73%, 35.06%, 4.35%, 96.94%, 36.53%), chest x-ray (40.68%, 59.45%, 3.92%, 96.11%, 58.76%), and NLR > 5.8 (41.38%, 72%, 5.66%, 96.80%, 70.81%). Conclusions The use of combined screening methods can classify pregnant women with high-risk COVID-19 before definitively diagnosed with RT-PCR. This practice will help to reduce RT-PCR need in a limited resources country.

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