Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Kedungpring Kecamatan Balongpanggang Kabupaten Gresik mulai tanggal 15 sampai 30 April 2015. Permasalahan yang ingin diketahui adalah apakah petani menggunakan sistem manajemen reproduksi yang tepat pada ternak sapi. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengetahuan masyarakat tentang manajemen reproduksi pada ternak sapi. Materi yang dilakukan adalah wawancara kepada responden petani ternak sebanyak 60 orang. Dengan menggunakan metode pengambilan sampel secara purposing sampling dan variabel yang diamati adalah faktor-faktor karakteristik antara lain pendidikan, usia, dan lama beternak. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dengan analisis statistik uji t didapatkan bahwa tingkat pendidikan, usia dan lama beternak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap pengetahuan manajemen reproduksi dengan hasil masing-masing pendidikan t hitung (0,069) < t tabel (2,002), usia t hitung (4.093,46) > t tabel (2,002) dan lama beternak t hitung (6.222,91) > t tabel (2,002). Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan disarankan agar dalam perencanaan program penyuluhan lebih memperhatikan faktor-faktor karakteristik individu karena diketahui mudah dalam mengadopsi inovasi.

Basically students have critical thinking skills. Students 'critical thinking skills that are still low are needed in a way so that students' critical thinking skills increase, With the Problem Based Learning learning model in the hope that students' critical thinking skills will increase. the purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of problem based learning in improving students' critical thinking skills. This type of research is Action Research, with the stages of planning, action, observation and reflection. This research was conducted in two cycles, with each cycle consisting of two lessons. The subjects in this study were MTs students. In Ambulu sub-district. Data collection techniques use tests and non-tests. The results showed that student learning outcomes in the first cycle got a score of 45 with very low criteria, in cycle II it increased to 92.5 with very good criteria. Students' critical thinking skills in the first cycle experienced 36% classical completeness with very low criteria, in cycle II it increased to 80% with high criteria. The results of the study prove that the application of the Problem Based Learning model is very effective in improving students' critical thinking skills.

One of the traditions that includes local culture in Ponorogo is the Longkangan Tradition. The existence of the longkangan tradition has had various impacts on the lives of the people of Binade village, Ngrayun Ponorogo sub-district, mainly in the relationship between Islam and Javanese tradition which eventually formed a convention. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach that explains the community's perceptions and the existence of local cultural and Islamic religious conventions in the Longkangan tradition. In this study, it was found that the people of Binade village as a whole are Muslim and come from Javanese tribes. Nearly all Binade villagers take water from the river or Belik. Therefore, the Longkangan tradition emerged, which aims to bring gratitude to God for the abundance of water sources for the community. In addition, the longkangan tradition also aims to commemorate services and pray for the spirits of the ancestors who have opened villages and water sources in Binade village. The conclusion of this research is that the conventions or agreements that exist in the longkangan tradition are still being obeyed by the Binade village community. In this case there is no written law regulating the longkangan tradition, but the existence of this convention has made the longkangan tradition still preserved until now. Until now the Longkangan tradition is still preserved as a convention of local culture and Islam.

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