The rational powers are listed as the processes of recalling and imagining, classifying and generalizing, For an in-depth discussion of intellectual and moral development as the aim of education, see comparing and evaluating, analyzing and synthesizing, and deducing and inferring.Kohlberg and Mayer (1972).

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In order to resolve ambiguities remaining after our earlier investigations,112 we have continued our investigation of students' ability to apply the ratio concept in a simple task of measurement and prediction. We can now report significant progress toward clarifying the relationships among students' responses to the task. It appears that many of the subjects who do not use proportional reasoning have access to several alternate procedures; they make use of one suggested by some particular aspect of the task presentation. This personal preference, we believe, reflects the individual's cognitive style3 rather than a developmental level in the Piagetian sense.4 These conclusions were derived from the use of a new form of the ratio task administered to 616 students in grades 4 through 9. We shall call the new procedure Form B, to distinguish it from the original version to be called Form A. Method of PresentationFor all groups studied, Form B was administered by one of the authors. The subjects were given answer pages as described previously (Fig.

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