Indonesia has functional food regulation in 2005 through the Regulation of the Head of the Food and Drug Supervisory Agency Number HK 00.05.52.0685 concerning Provisions on Basic Functional Food Control. However, there is a shift in the term to “Claims on Processed Food Labels” or later known as “Claimed Foods” in accordance with the Regulation of the Head of the Food and Drug Supervisory Agency Number 13 of 2016. The dynamics of policy changes are reviewed through qualitative methods with a content analysis approach. The results of the study indicate that the development of science and technology, as well as international consensus through the annual session of the Codex Alimentarius Commission has an effect on regulation in Indonesia, and has been adjusted to Nutrition and Health Claims (CAC/GL 23–1997), Guidelines for Use of Nutrition and Health Claims, Adopted in 1997. Revised in 2004. Amended in 2001, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013. Annex adopted 2009. In addition, it also required 1) Guidelines for the Development of Functional Food and its claims directed at nutritional functions, improving function or decrease in disease risk in the framework of promotive and preventive efforts after the fulfillment of balanced nutrition, and 2) regulations related to functional food, especially the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). It would be more beneficial if SNI for functional food was arranged in general, not for each product or for every benefit. SNI that can be compiled are SNI terms and definitions (term and definition), SNI for functional food guidelines and SNI code of practice for functional food claims.

Napan village is located in the Indonesia-Timor Leste border region whose people speak in Dawan and Indonesian. The problem in this studyare the accommodation of Dawan speakers, what is the direction of their accommodation between languages, and how do speakers’ who accommodate at the syntactic level based on gender and age groupThis study aims to identify the level of syntax used in language accommodation and its frequency based on the characteristics of respondents in Napan Village, the Indonesia-Timor Leste border region, East Nusa Tenggara. The method of the study is the survey method with 72 respondents of Dawan speakers which are divided into 36 men and 36 women as the samples. The results show that speakers of Dawan accommodate the language because of the security, familiarity, and growing trust within the speech participants. Speakers of Dawan are very positive about their language, positive about Indonesian language and quite positive about the languages of the neighboring country, namely Tetun Portu or Tetun Dili. Speakers of the Dawan language accommodate the Tetun Portu or Tetun Dili language at the lexical level, phrases, sentences, and expressions. Based on gender, female speakers of Dawan accommodate the Tetun Portu or Tetun Dili language (9.7%) more than male speakers (8.3%). Meanwhile, male speakers of Dawan (41.7%) are less accommodative to Tetun Portu or Tetun Dili than female speakers (40.3%). Based on age, speakers of Dawan who accommodate the Tetun Portu or Tetun Dili languages dominantly come from the ages of 26--50 years old (8.3%) compared to ages less than 25 years old (5.5%) and more than 51 years old (4, 2%). In addition, speakers of Dawan who do not accommodate the Tetun Portu or Tetun Dili languages are speakers older than 51 years old (29.2%) more dominant than those aged less than 25 years (27.8%) and those aged between 26-50 years (25%). ABSTRAKDesa Napan terletak di wilayah perbatasan Indonesia-Timor Leste yang masyarakatnya bertutur dalam bahasa Dawan dan bahasa Indonesia. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini ialah mengapa penutur bahasa Dawan berakomodasi, bagaimana arah akomodasi antarbahasa, dan bagaimana penutur yang berakomodasi pada tataran sintaksis berdasarkan jenis kelamin dan kelompok usia? Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi tataran sintaksis yang digunakan dalam akomodasi bahasa dan frekuensinya berdasarkan karakteristik responden di Desa Napan, wilayah perbatasan Indonesia-Timor Leste, Nusa Tenggara Timur. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan metode survei. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 72 responden penutur bahasa Dawan, yang terdiri atas 36 pria dan 36 wanita. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penutur bahasa Dawan di Desa Napan berakomodasi karena kenyamanan, keakraban, dan untuk menumbuhkan rasa percaya mitra tutur. Penutur bahasa Dawan sangat positif terhadap daerahnya (bahasa Dawan), positif terhadap bahasa Indonesia, dan cukup positif terhadap bahasa negara tetangga, yaitu bahasa Tetun Portu atau Tetun Dili. Penutur bahasa Dawan berakomodasi terhadap bahasa Tetun Portu atau Tetun Dili pada tataran leksikal, frasa, kalimat, dan ungkapan. Berdasarkan jenis kelamin, penutur perempuan bahasa Dawan yang berakomodasi terhadap bahasa Tetun Portu atau Tetun Dili (9,7%) lebih dominan daripada laki-laki (8,3%). Sementara itu, penutur laki-laki bahasa Dawan yang tidak berakomodasi terhadap bahasa Tetun Portu atau Tetun Dili (41,7%) lebih dominan daripada perempuan (40,3%). Berdasarkan kelompok usia, penutur bahasa Dawan yang berakomodasi terhadap bahasa Tetun Portu atau Tetun Dili tampak dominan yang berusia 26—50 tahun (8,3%) dibandingkan dengan yang berusia <25 tahun (5,5%) dan > 51 tahun (4,2%). Di samping itu, penutur bahasa Dawan yang tidak berakomodasi bahasa adalah penutur yang berusia >51 tahun (29,2%) lebih dominan daripada yang berusia <25 tahun (27,8%) dan yang berusia 26—50 tahun (25%).

Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi struktur frasa, klausa, dan kalimat bahasa Talondo yang dituturkan oleh masyarakat Talondo, di Desa Bonehau, Kecamatan Bonehau, Kabupaten Mamuju.  Fokus masalah dalam penelitian ini bagaimana struktur frasa, klausa, dan kalimat bahasa Talondo? Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi struktur frasa, klausa, dan kalimat bahasa Talondo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa aspek kebahasaan, yaitu frasa, klausa, dan kalimat dilakukan dengan teknik kerja sama dengan informan dan teknik kuesioner. Pengumpulan data itu dilakukan dengan kuesioner, simak, wawancara, dan catat. Sumber data lisan diperoleh dari informan penutur asli. Penentuan informan berpedoman pada kualifikasi dan kemampuan penutur. Sampel dalam penelitian ini dipilih berdasarkan kriteria responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahasa Talondo memiliki struktur frasa endosentris yang berkonstruksi atributif dan koordinatif. Konstruksi atributit memiliki empat tipe, yaitu nomina, verba, adjektiva, dan numeralia sebagai konstituen induk. Konstruksi koordinatif memiliki enam tipe, yaitu nomina, verba, adjektiva, preposisi, numeralia, dan adverbia sebagai konstituennya. Selain frasa endosentris, bahasa Talondo memiliki struktur frasa eksosentris yang berkonstruksi direktif, konektif, objektif, dan predikatif. Konstruksi direktif memiliki empat struktur frasa. Konstruksi konektif memiliki delapan struktur frasa. Konstruksi objektif memiliki satu struktur frasa. Konstruksi predikatif memiliki delapan struktur frasa. Sementara itu, konstruksi klausa terdiri atas unsur subjek dan predikat yang terdiri atas satu predikat atau lebih. Kalimat terdiri atas unsur predikat dan subjek dengan atau tanpa objek, pelengkap dan keterangan. Unsur predikat dan subjek merupakan unsur yang kehadirannya selalu wajib. Pola kalimat dasar meliputi tipe S-P, S-P-O, S-P-Pel, S-P-Ket, S-P-O-Pel, dan S-P-O-Ket. This research identifies the structure of phrases, clauses and sentences in the Talondo language spoken by the Talondo community, in Bonehau Village, Bonehau District, Mamuju Regency. The focus of the problem in this research is how the structure of phrases, clauses and sentences in the Talondo language? This study aims to identify the structure of Talondo phrases, clauses and sentences. This research is a field research using descriptive qualitative method. Data collection techniques in the form of linguistic aspects, i.e. phrases, clauses and sentences, were carried out in collaboration with informants and questionnaire techniques. Data collection was carried out by questionnaire, refer, interview, and note. Sources of oral data were obtained from native speakers of the Talondo language in Talondo Hamlet, Bonehau Village, Bonehau District, Mamuju Regency, West Sulawesi Province. The determination of informants is based on the qualifications and abilities of the speaker.The sample in this study was chosen based on the criteria of the respondents. The results showed that the Talondo language had an endocentric phrase structure that was attributive and coordinated constructions. Atributive construction have four types, namely nouns, verbs, adjectives, and numeralia as parent constituents. Coordinative construction has six types, namely nouns, verbs, adjectives, prepositions, numeralia, and adverbs as constituents. In addition to endocentric phrases, Talondo has an exocentric phrase structure that has directive, connective, objective, and predictive constraction. The directive construction has four phrase structures. Connective construction has eight phrase structures. Objective construction has one phrase structure. The predictive construction has eight phrase structures. Meanwhile, clause construction consists of subject and predicate elements consisting of one or more predicates. Sentences consist of predicate elements and subjects with or without objects, complements and captions. The element of predicate and subject is an element whose presence is always mandatory. The basic sentence patterns include type S-P, S-P-O, S-P-Comp, S-P-Capt, S-P-O-Comp, and S-P-O-Capt.

The first step in this research is the always dominant the noun aspect in mastering Indonesian vocabulary. The focus in this study is how the control of Indonesian vocabulary in grade 5 SD students in Medan City. There are two sub-focusses in this study: (1) what is the level of qualification and (2) aspects of Indonesian vocabulary mastery by grade 5 elementary school students. This study aims to identify control of Indonesian vocabulary by grade 5 elementary school students based on the level of qualification and aspects of Indonesian vocabulary mastery. The method used is the case study method. The population in this study were elementary school students. The sample in this study were students of grade 5 elementary school accredited A and C in Medan City who were respondents. The findings of this study were the mastery of Indonesian vocabulary by elementary students in Medan City on a good scale, namely 78%. The mastery of Indonesian vocabulary in the noun aspect that was first recognized by the students did not show the dominant aspect in this study, but the adjective aspect. AbstrakAspek nomina dalam penguasaan kosakata bahasa Indonesia (BI) selalu dominan yang menjadi langkah awal penelitian ini. Fokus dalam penelitian ini adalah penguasaan kosakata BI oleh siswa kelas 5 SD di Kota Medan. Ada dua subfokus dalam penelitian ini, yaitu bagaimana tingkat kualifikasi dan aspek penguasaan kosakata bahasa Indonesia oleh siswa kelas 5 SD. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi penguasaan kosakata BI oleh siswa kelas 5 SD berdasarkan (1) tingkat kualifikasi dan (2) aspek penguasaan kosakata BI. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode studi kasus. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa SD. Sampel dalam penelitian ini ialah siswa kelas 5 SD yang berakreditasi A dan C di Kota Medan yang menjadi responden. Temuan penelitian ini ialah penguasaan kosakata BI oleh siswa SD di Kota Medan pada skala baik, yaitu 78%. Penguasaan kosakata BI aspek nomina yang pertama dikenal siswa tidak menunjukkan yang dominan dalam penelitian ini, tetapi aspek adjektiva.

Sundanese language usage patterns can cause the ethnic language itself to shift because of switching to using Indonesian in interethnic communication. This study aims to identify language vitality of Sundanese in Cianjur City. Observations focused on language transmission, number and proportion of speakers, domains of use, domains and new media, availability of teaching and literacy materials, and quality of documentation. The formulation of the problem is how the language vitality of Sundanese in Cianjur City? This study uses a qualitative approach with ethnographic methods performed with ethnographic research procedures. The research findings show that the condition of language transmission in children's language acquisition is at an insecure level and the language vitality is decreasing. The condition of the number and proportion of Sundanese speakers is classified as unsafe. The language vitality of Sundanese in the age group 0--14 years is decreasing. The domain of Sundanese language use includes languages that function as multilingual equality and speakers use each language for different functions. The language vitality is decreasing. The condition of the Sundanese domain and new media is dynamic because it is used in the domain of education, employment, broadcast media on television and radio, the internet, and the cyber world. The language vitality is good and could go to the language of science. The condition of Sundanese teaching materials and literacy has a variety of written material and is used as an educational language in schools, but is not used as an administrative language and the vitality of language is good and has the opportunity to go to science and technology. The condition of Sundanese documentation is complete, and the language vitality is good. Therefore, language vitality of Sundanese is decreased in intergenerational transmission indicators needs strengthening.