Highlight: Protein and energy requirements of deer and supplies of these nutrients in native forage are synthesized into a model to estimate carrying capacity of seasonal ranges of a migratory mule deer population in north central Colorado. The model indicates that summer forage will support many times the number of deer present, but winter forage will not sustain deer at any population level. Instead, duration and severity of winter determine the length of time deer can survive on these ranges. Habitat evaluation based on quantification of nutrient supplies and their availability offers a more logical alternative for evaluating deer winter ranges than traditional methods based on measurements of twig lengths of so-called "key" species.

Between 1985 and 1987, 49, 283 locations and 79, 101 sets of activity data were obtained for 34 adult female caribou of the Porcupine and Central Arctic caribou herds using satellite telemetry. Daily movement rates of female caribou from the two herds, which differ greatly in size and separation of seasonal ranges, were similar except during the spring and fall migrations. Movement rates in July exceeded those during migration in both herds. The minimum annual distance travelled by caribou cows, ranging to 5055 km, were the longest movements documented for any terrestrial mammal.

Between 1985 and 1987, 49, 283 locations and 79, 101 sets of activity data were obtained for 34 adult female caribou of the Porcupine and Central Arctic caribou herds using satellite telemetry. Daily movement rates of female caribou from the two herds, which differ greatly in size and separation of seasonal ranges, were similar except during the spring and fall migrations. Movement rates in July exceeded those during migration in both herds. The minimum annual distance travelled by caribou cows, ranging to 5055 km, were the longest movements documented for any terrestrial mammal.

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