Design charts for seismic pressures against rigid walls subjected to horizontal earthquake shaking are presented for both uniform and nonuniform backfills. Solutions are based on a simplified model of soil response which gives results that agree almost exactly with rigorous solutions. Peak seismic thrusts are presented for three different soil profiles. For each profile, 250 combinations of ground accelerations and distributions of soil shear moduli with depth are analysed to provide data points of peak seismic thrust ratios for the construction of design envelopes. The seismic thrust ratios for design are presented as a function of the ratio of the predominant frequency of the earthquake motion and the fundamental frequency of the wall-soil system. An approximate method is given for evaluating the latter frequency without a full analysis.Résumé : L'on présente des abaques de calcul pour les pressions sismiques contre des murs rigides de remblais uniformes et non uniformes soumis à des secousses sismiques horizontales. Les solutions sont basées sur un modèle simplifié de réaction du sol qui donne des résultats qui concordent presque exactement avec les solutions rigoureuses. Les poussées de pic sont présentées pour trois différents profils de sol. Pour chaque profil, 250 combinaisons d'accélérations du terrain et de distributions des modules de cisaillement en fonction de la profondeur sont analysées pour fournir les données des points de pic des rapports de poussée sismique de pointe pour le tracé des enveloppes de calcul. Les rapports de poussée sismique sont présentés pour le calcul sous forme du rapport de la fréquence prédominante du tremblement de terre et de la fréquence fondamentale du système mur-sol. L'on donne une méthode approximative pour évaluer cette dernière fréquence sans devoir procéder à une analyse complète.
SUMMARY This paper offers a guided tour through the various ways, used in practice, of accounting for soil–structure interaction in design and analysis, ranging from a complete analysis of the total combined system of foundation, soil and structure to approximate models of the system. The focus is on three types of structures: bridges on pile foundations, tall buildings with several levels of underground parking and large basement slabs with shallow embedment. The paper also reports on preliminary results from the study of seismic pressures against deep basement walls commissioned by the Structural Engineers Association of British Columbia. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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