Background Adenovirus can cause severe diseases in post‐hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) patients. Because these patients also have many other factors contributing to mortality, it remains controversial whether adenovirus infection itself contributes to increased mortality in these patients. Objective To determine if adenovirus infection contributes to mortality in pediatric post‐HSCT patients. Methods This retrospective cohort study was performed in post HSCT patients, aged 0–18 years old, admitted at Ramathibodi Hospital from 2016 to 2020. Adenovirus infection was defined as the detection of adenovirus in blood or urine by polymerase chain reaction. Multivariate cox regression was used to identify factors associated with death. Results The incidence of overall adenovirus infection (viremia or viruria) in this cohort was 20.8% (26 out of 125 enrolled patients). From the multivariate cox regression analysis, overall adenovirus infection was not significantly associated with death (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.41; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.96–6.06; p = .060). However, presence of viremia (HR: 3.90; 95% CI: 1.40–10.86; p = .009), having maximal serum viral load > 10 000 copies/ml (HR: 3.70; 95% CI: 1.20–11.38; p = .023), presence of end‐organ diseases (HR: 3.44; 95% CI: 1.18–10.01; p = .023) were associated with mortality. Underlying diseases requiring long‐term immunosuppressive drugs before HSCT, invasive fungal disease, invasive bacterial infection, cytomegalovirus infection, and longer engraftment time were also associated with mortality. Conclusion Overall adenovirus infection does not appear to play a significant role in mortality in pediatric post‐HSCT patients. However, more invasive forms of adenovirus infection were associated with mortality in these patients.

Data on glucose metabolism in Asian adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are limited. Glucose metabolism assessment using an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in obese and lean Thai adolescents with PCOS, and a comparison between the two groups were done. Thirty-one patients (19 obese, 12 lean) were enrolled. Their median (range) age was 14.9 (11.0-21.0) years. Eighteen patients had abnormal glucose metabolism (13 hyperinsulinemia, 4 impaired glucose tolerance, and 1 diabetes). Compared between obese [median (range) BMI Z-score, 1.6 (1.2-2.6)] and lean [median (range) BMI Z-score, 0.1 (-1.4 to 0.6)] patients, the frequencies of each abnormal OGTT category, areas under the curves of glucose and insulin levels, and insulinogenic index were not different; however, insulin resistance was greater in the obese group. In conclusion, a high proportion of our adolescents with PCOS had abnormal glucose metabolism. Therefore, OGTT should be performed in adolescents with PCOS for the early detection of abnormal glucose metabolism.