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The interactions between electromagnetic field and arbitrarily shaped metallic nanoparticles are numerically investigated. The scattering and near field intensity of nanoparticles are characterized by using volume integral equation which is formulated by considering the total electric field, i.e. the sum of incident fields and radiated fields by equivalent electric volume currents, within the scatterers. The resultant volume integral equation is then discretized using divergence-conforming vector basis functions and is subsequently solved numerically. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the application of volume integral equation to capture and analyze the surface plasmon resonance of arbitrarily shaped metallic nanoparticles. The effects of illumination angles and background media to the surface plasmon resonance are also investigated. The results show that our proposed method is particularly useful and accurate in characterizing the surface plasmon properties of metallic nanoparticles.

Abstract-This paper presents the adaptive integral method (AIM) utilized to solve scattering problem of mixed dielectric/conducting objects. The scattering problem is formulated using the Poggio-MillerChang-Harrington-Wu-Tsai (PMCHWT) formulation and the electric field integral equation approach for the dielectric and conducting bodies, respectively.The integral equations solved using these approaches can eliminate the interior resonance of dielectric bodies and produce accurate results. The method of moments (MoM) is applied to discretize the integral equations and the resultant matrix system is solved by an iterative solver. The AIM is used then to reduce the memory requirement for storage and to speed up the matrix-vector multiplication in the iterative solver. Numerical results are finally presented to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the technique.