The trend was similar in both men and women, in both urban and rural areas, but the declining rates in females were more remarkable than in males. The mortality rates were higher for the age groups above 50 years than those less than 50 years of age, both showing downward trend over 30-year period. In summary, the overall NPC mortality has consistently decreased in China over the past three decades, particularly in women and in old adults.

There is currently interest in the risk of infections during treatment with new targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), specifically the Janus kinase inhibitor tofacitinib. Tofacitinib has been studied extensively in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and has been shown to be effective and generally safe. East Asian countries have a high background rate of tuberculosis (TB) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and the risk of recurrence or reactivation of infections such as TB, HBV and herpes zoster during DMARD therapy is of particular interest in the region. This paper reviews available data on the risk of TB, HBV and herpes zoster infections, including recurrence/reactivation of infections, during treatment with tofacitinib, with a focus on east Asia.

The clinical trial showed a statistically significant increase in breast self-examination after the nursing education intervention. As no other breast cancer screening method is available in most of China, this method is best suited for the masses of people currently at risk in China.

Abstract. Microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) is extremely rare among Asians, with the majority of cases presenting in Caucasian individuals. The current study describes the case of a 38-year-old Chinese woman who presented with a 10 year history of a mass in the upper lip. A biopsy resulted in a diagnosis of MAC. The patient underwent complete surgical resection and the tumor was successfully excised. During 6 months of follow-up, there was no evidence of recurrence. To the best of our knowledge, the present case is the first Chinese case to be reported in the English literature, and is presented with the aim of increasing the awareness and aiding in the management of MAC in non-Caucasian populations. IntroductionMicrocystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) was originally defined in 1982 (1), and is now also termed sclerosing sweat duct carcinoma (2). MAC is a rare, slow-growing, locally aggressive tumor of the eccrine sweat glands, and is characterized by pilar and eccrine differentiation (3). Sweat gland malignancies, combining all types, are particularly rare, accounting for 0.005% of all malignant epithelial neoplasms (4), with a total of ~350 cases currently described in the English literature. It has been reported that the preferential location for the development of this neoplasm is the head and neck region (5).When referring to the English literature, it is evident that MAC primarily affects the Caucasian population, with only two cases occurring in non-Caucasian patients (6,7). Fang et al (8) described two cases involving Chinese individuals in the Chinese literature; however, to the best of our knowledge, there are no cases of Chinese patients with MAC currently reported in the English literature. The present study reviewed all patients that were referred to the Hainan Province People's Hospital (Haikou, China) between January 1994 and January 2014, and identified only one patient with a MAC diagnosis. This case is described herein along with a review of the relevant literature. Case reportA 38-year-old woman was referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at the Hainan Province People's Hospital with a mass on the left upper-lip that had been present for >10 years (Fig. 1). During physical examination, it was noted that the tumor was positioned in the left-upper lip and subnasal region. The lesion was a firm, solitary mass, and measured 2x1 cm in size. No submandibular or cervical lymph nodes were palpable during the physical examination. Abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT; Brilliance iCT; Philips Medical Systems, Amsterdam, Holland) of the head, neck and thorax demonstrated no evidence of systemic or local metastasis. As presented in Fig. 2, the head and neck CT scans revealed the lesion located in the subcutaneous tissue of the left-upper lip, with a wide base inseparable from overlying skin.An incisional biopsy was performed with the patient under local anesthesia. The diagnosis of the specimen was confirmed as carcinoma. The patient underwent complete surgical resection...

We report a case of amelanotic acral melanoma in a 42-year-old Chinese woman. Ten months previously the patient found a 2-cm asymmetric erythematous macular plaque on her left sole. The lesion was diagnosed as verruca plantaris by every physician the patient consulted. One month ago, an enlarged lymph node was detected in the left groin, which biopsy reported as metastatic melanoma. Dermoscopy suggested verruca plantaris, and positron emission tomography (PET) revealed increased glucose metabolism in the macular plaque. Finally, biopsy of the plaque revealed amelanotic melanoma. Misdiagnosis and diagnostic delay are usually associated with poorer patient outcomes. Awareness of atypical presentations of acral melanoma is thus important for decreasing misdiagnosis rates and improving patient outcomes.