Stable functional surfaces with reversibly switchable wettability have recently been developed for the continuous separation of oil–water mixtures. This article proposes a facile method to fabricate superhydrophobic surfaces on copper meshes by combining poly­(dimethylsiloxane) and graphene. The superhydrophobic surface can dramatically switch to a superhydrophilic state under O2 plasma etching and recover to a superhydrophobic state after laser etching to achieve unidirectional transport of oil or water. The surface had a high separation efficiency and favorable reusability in oil–water separation. In addition, the superhydrophobic surfaces demonstrated not only outstanding stability, including an anticorrosion ability, anti-UV exposure ability, oil contamination resistance, and abrasion resistance, but also an excellent self-healing ability after flame treatment. This research opens a novel avenue for the design of stable materials with reversible wettability that may have promising potential applications in microfluidics, wastewater purification, oil-spill cleanup, and quick, low-cost realization of self-healing materials in situ using operations that can be easily scaled and automated.

No abstract

Based on a kinetic model involving oxidant diffusion and an oxidation‐reduction reaction, a 3‐parameter equation is derived relating the change in the concentration of thermally induced carrier donors in common metal‐oxide semiconductors (such as indium–gallium–zinc oxide and indium–tin–zinc oxide) to heat‐treatment time. The change in the concentration of such donors is characterized by measuring the shift in the turn‐on voltage of a thin‐film transistor subjected to heat treatments in different atmospheres for different durations. The model parameters are extracted using optimal curve‐fitting techniques, leading to the determination of relevant activation energies from the temperature dependence of the extracted parameters. The proposed model is found to be applicable to metal‐oxide semiconductors of different compositions. It is discovered that the generation of donors in a non‐oxidizing atmosphere is largely suppressed at a temperature below 250 °C, but the effective annihilation of the donors spans over a wider temperature range in an oxidizing atmosphere.

No abstract