To achieve quick-response electrowetting displays (EWDs) with accurate multiple-graylevel performance for video applications, several phenomena, such as hysteresis, charge trapping, and oil splitting, need to be addressed. This paper proposes a driving scheme that includes the decoupling driving concept, the asymmetric driving concept, the charge-trapping-suppression method, and the oil-splitting method. The proposed driving scheme was extensively investigated on a developed evaluation platform, and satisfactory results for multiple-gray levels and quick response were obtained for a 6-in. SVGA EWD. FIGURE 4 -Alternating-polarity driving scheme: (a) negative-polarity method and (b) positive-polarity method.FIGURE 5 -Decoupling AC-common driving scheme.FIGURE 6 -R-V curve induced by the driving waveforms in Fig. 5. Journal of the SID 19/11, 2011FIGURE 21 -Electrowetting display pixels with (a) AC-common driving method and (b) proposed oil-splitting-suppression method.FIGURE 19 -Response-time measurement of the EWD by chargetrapping-suppression method.FIGURE 20 -Response time of the EWD by oil-splitting suppression method.

To achieve quick response electrowetting displays for video applications, the charge trapping phenomenon should be well coped with. For this purpose, an asymmetrical driving concept is proposed and a charge-trapping suppression method is developed in this paper. The performance of the proposed method was investigated and satisfactory results were obtained.

To reduce voltage stress on TFT backplane of electrowetting displays, this paper develops a decoupling driving scheme to diminish the induced voltage stress and allow AC common to reduce the required output voltage from driver IC. Satisfactory results can be obtained on a largest area and highest resolution electrowetting display.

By using a resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization ͑REMPI͒ technique, we have studied ionization and photodissociation mechanisms of ketene. Prior to ionization, the jet-cooled ketene is first excited at a wavelength 355 nm to a 3p y ,0 0 Rydberg state through a two-photon absorption. The (2ϩ2) and (2ϩ1) REMPI schemes may be distinguished depending on the impinging laser energy. If the (2ϩ2) REMPI process dominates, the ketene ion is produced by the autoionization of a superexcited state, which lies in a rovibrationally excited Rydberg state. The autoionization then occurs due to energy transfer from nuclear to electronic degrees of freedom. The CH 2 ϩ is fragmented following two schemes. One is a consecutive process, i.e., the fragment ion is produced from the autoionized ketene. This conclusion is supported by a series of measurements of pulse field and pressure effects in this work. The factors of pulse field and collisions may enhance the autoionization rate significantly, imposing the same influence on the ketene ion and CH 2 ϩ . The second is a dissociative ionization, i.e., the CH 2 ϩ ion is fragmented from the superexcited state in competition with the autoionization, as reported previously. These two schemes exclude the probability of ionic ladder or neutral ladder dissociation mechanisms. On the other hand, if the (2ϩ1) REMPI scheme dominates under a low ionizing laser energy, the ketene ions are led by a direct photoionization. The increase of either pulse field intensity or interacting duration simply shortens the arrival time of the ketene ion on the detector. Finally, a time-resolved ketene ion spectrum is measured to characterize temporal behaviors for the autoionization and direct photodissociation. The relaxation lifetime for the autoionized ketene is found to be much faster than that for the directly photoionized source.

The electrowetting display with the property of transflective is applicable as windows. However, low transmittance is a key issue of a stacking color electrowetting display as a window application. To improve the transmittance, an advanced oil splitting suppression waveform was proposed. Finally, a stacking color electrowetting display for the smart window application has been demonstrated. And the transmittance up to 30% has been attended.