Carbon-coated SnO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by a simple one-pot hydrothermal treatment. During the hydrothermal process, SnO2 was formed by the hydrolysis of tin(II) dichloride dihydrate (SnCl2·2H2O) in alkali solution, while sucrose was used as the carbon source to form the coated polysaccharide shell on the SnO2 nanoparticles. In the obtained carbon-coated SnO2 nanoparticles, SnO2 nanocrystals with a diameter of 4 nm were observed to be homogeneously dispersed in the particles. After calcination, the product exhibited improved lithium storage properties, as compared to pure SnO2 nanoparticles. The carbon-coated SnO2 nanoparticles exhibit 430 mAh g−1 reversible capacities after 100 cycles and an average capacity fading of 0.2% per cycle after the 20th cycle. The good electrochemical performances of the carbon-coated SnO2 nanoparticles indicate that the obtained carbon shell can effectively increase the stability of the active materials and improve the cycling performance of oxide-based anode materials for lithium-ion batteries.
One-dimensional (1D) chainlike arrays of hollow magnetic Fe3O4 spheres have been prepared by simply aging magnetically preassembled Fe nanoparticles in aqueous solution at room temperature. The diameter of the 1D nanomaterials is about 100−200 nm, and the length is up to 1−3 μm, observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The structure and magnetic properties of the Fe3O4 hollow chains were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and via a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer. Mechanism investigations on the time dependent process reveal these hollow nanostructures were formed based on the nanoscale Kirkendall effect. Besides the aqueous microenvironment, the partial pressure of oxygen is of great importance in the formation of 1D chainlike Fe3O4 hollow nanostructures.
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