For patients up to 80 years who suffered mMCAI, DHC within 48 h of stroke onset not only is a life-saving treatment, but also increases the possibility of surviving without severe disability (mRS = 5).

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Most severe anti-NMDAR encephalitis patients will eventually achieve good long-term prognoses after receiving early, positive and unremitting combined immunotherapy and life support.

Background and Purpose-We conducted this randomized controlled trial to investigate the effects of therapeutic hypothermia on mortality and neurological outcome in patients with massive cerebral hemispheric infarction. Methods-Patients within 48 hours of symptom onset were randomized to either a hypothermia group or a control group.Patients in the hypothermia group were given standard medical treatment plus endovascular hypothermia with a target temperature of 33 or 34°C. Hypothermia was maintained for a minimum of 24 hours. Patients in the control group were given standard medical treatment only with a target temperature of normothermia. The primary end points were mortality and the modified Rankin Scale score at 6 months. Results-There were 16 patients in the hypothermia group and 17 patients in the control group. At 6 months, 8 patients had died in the hypothermia group versus 7 patients in the control group (P=0.732). The main cause of death was fatal herniation caused by a pronounced rise in intracranial pressure. Seven patients (43.8%) had a modified Rankin Scale of 1 to 3 in the hypothermia group versus 4 patients (23.5%) in the control group (P=0.282). Additionally, of the survivors, patients in the hypothermia group achieved better neurological outcomes compared with those in the control group (7/8, 87.5% versus 4/10, 40.0%; P=0.066; odds ratio=10.5; 95% confidence interval, 0.9-121.4). Conclusions-Mild

Both IV VPA and continuous DZP infusion are effective second-line anticonvulsants for GCSE. IV VPA was well tolerated and free of respiratory depression and hypotension, which may develop in the DZP group. Outcome parameters were not significantly different between groups.