Portable electronic devices (PEDs) are promising information‐exchange platforms for real‐time responses. Their performance is becoming more and more sensitive to energy consumption. Rechargeable batteries are the primary energy source of PEDs and hold the key to guarantee their desired performance stability. With the remarkable progress in battery technologies, multifunctional PEDs have constantly been emerging to meet the requests of our daily life conveniently. The ongoing surge in demand for high‐performance PEDs inspires the relentless pursuit of even more powerful rechargeable battery systems in turn. In this review, we present how battery technologies contribute to the fast rise of PEDs in the last decades. First, a comprehensive overview of historical advances in PEDs is outlined. Next, four types of representative rechargeable batteries and their impacts on the practical development of PEDs are described comprehensively. The development trends toward a new generation of batteries and the future research focuses are also presented.

Carbon‐based nanocomposites represent a fascinating class of materials, as they always demonstrate synergistic effects for energy storage applications when compared to their singular components. It has been found that interface engineering of carbon‐based nanocomposites, including structural design, synthesis, processing, and characterization of well‐defined interface between carbon and noncarbon materials, holds huge potential for enabling unprecedented electrochemical properties and fundamental breakthroughs. Accordingly, a review focusing on the research progress in this area is prepared on the basis of systematic analysis of literature in the following for academia and industries. Here, the interactions at the interface of nanocomposite structures that lead to significant synergistic effects and superior electrochemical performance are presented and highlighted. First, the efforts that have been made on preparation methodologies of carbon‐based nanocomposites, including noncovalent and covalent approaches, are comprehensively outlined. Then, particular attention is placed on the effects of the interface engineering on the electrochemical performance of different kinds of electrode materials applied in supercapacitors, lithium‐ion batteries, and lithium–sulfur batteries. Finally, the challenges that still persist and the prospects of further development of advanced carbon‐based nanocomposite electrode materials by manipulating interfacial interaction are discussed.

The limited lithium resource in earth's crust has stimulated the pursuit of alternative energy storage technologies to lithium-ion battery. Potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) are regarded as a kind of promising candidate for large-scale energy storage owing to the high abundance and low cost of potassium resources. Nevertheless, further development and wide application of KIBs are still challenged by several obstacles, one of which is their fast capacity deterioration at high rates. A considerable amount of effort has recently been devoted to address this problem by developing advanced carbonaceous anode materials with diverse structures and morphologies. This review presents and highlights how the architecture engineering of carbonaceous anode materials gives rise to high-rate performances for KIBs, and also the beneficial conceptions are consciously extracted from the recent progress.Particularly, basic insights into the recent engineering strategies, structural innovation, and the related advances of carbonaceous anodes for high-rate KIBs are under specific concerns. Based on the achievements attained so far, a perspective on the foregoing, and proposed possible directions, and avenues for designing high-rate anodes, are presented finally.

Two-photon polymerization of a three-dimensional (3D) hydrogel structure has been widely applied in biological tissue engineering. For improving the biocompatibility of hydrogel structures, a new kind of ionic carbazole water-soluble photoinitiator was prepared to realize the fabrication of a 3D hydrogel structure in aqueous phase. 3,6-Bis­[2-(1-methyl-pyridinium)­vinyl]-9-methyl-carbazole diiodide (BMVMC) and cucurbit[7]­uril (CB7) have been employed to generate a complex with better water solubility by host–guest interactions. The binding ratio of the complex was demonstrated to be 1:1 through the characterization of isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). The two-photon absorption (TPA) cross section of the complex increases to 2500 GM compared with the 750 GM of the BMVMC molecule. Then, an aqueous-phase photoresist was obtained using the CB7/BMVMC complex as the photoinitiator and poly­(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGda) as the hydrogel monomer. Two-photon fabrication capability in aqueous phase has been studied using the as-prepared photoresist. A low laser threshold of 3.7 mW as well as a high resolution of 180 nm are achieved. Benefiting from the fluorescence properties of the photoinitiator, we can achieve the confocal fluorescence images without any assistance of fluorescent probes. Subsequently, a 3D engineered hydrogel scaffold microstructure was fabricated by the two-photon polymerization technology, whose biocompatibility was demonstrated by culturing the structure with living cells of L929. The BMVMC–CB7 complex and the as-prepared photoresist are demonstrated to have good biocompatibility, which is prospective for further application in tissue engineering.