Ceramic
dielectrics are reported with superior energy storage performance
for applications, such as power electronics in electrical vehicles.
A recoverable energy density (
W
rec
) of
∼4.55 J cm
–3
with η ∼ 90% is
achieved in lead-free relaxor BaTiO
3
-0.06Bi
2/3
(Mg
1/3
Nb
2/3
)O
3
ceramics at ∼520
kV cm
–1
. These ceramics may be co-fired with Ag/Pd,
which constitutes a major step forward toward their potential use
in the fabrication of commercial multilayer ceramic capacitors. Compared
to stoichiometric Bi(Mg
2/3
Nb
1/3
)O
3
-doped BaTiO
3
(BT), A-site deficient Bi
2/3
(Mg
1/3
Nb
2/3
)O
3
reduces the electrical heterogeneity
of BT. Bulk conductivity differs from the grain boundary only by 1
order of magnitude which, coupled with a smaller volume fraction of
conducting cores due to enhanced diffusion of the dopant via A-site
vacancies in the A-site sublattice, results in higher breakdown strength
under an electric field. This strategy can be employed to develop
new dielectrics with improved energy storage performance.
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