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Dense (1-x)(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-xBaTiO3 (BNT-BTx%, x = 3, 5, 6, and 7) ceramics exhibit large piezoelectricity for electrical poling below coercive fields. In particular, the piezoelectric activity and permittivity frequency dispersion have been found to be closely related. The significantly increased piezoelectric constant and sharply decreased permittivity frequency dispersion are observed to occur for poled ceramics under the critical poling electrical fields. These results suggest that the high piezoelectric response stems from poling electrical fields-induced-ordered nanodomains.

Antiferroelectric materials form a potential candidate for ceramic-based high energy storage applications owing to their low loss and high energy density. Here, we demonstrate that the antiferroelectric phase with high energy-storage properties in 0.94Bi 0.5?x Na 0.5-x TiO 3 -0.06BaTiO 3 (BNTx-BT) ceramics at room-temperature is modulated by tailoring compositions. Our results show that the metastable antiferroelectric phase at room-temperature modulated by the Bi/Na ratio with a high excess in Bi 3? and/or a deficiency in Na ? , can be induced to the FE phase by applying electrical field, leading to double hysteresis. The high energy storage density W = 1.76 J/cm 3 for x = 0.05 BNTx-BT ceramics by modulating Bi/Na ratio is obtained, suggesting a promising candidate lead-free energy-storage material.

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