Background Esophageal cancer is among the leading cancer types in Inner Mongolia. This study aimed to investigate the incidence and mortality rates of esophageal cancer in 2015 and the trends in these rates in the 2010–2015 period in this region. Methods National Colorectal Cancer Roundtable (NCCR) screening methods and criteria were used to extract data from 10 cancer registries stratified by area (urban/rural), sex, and age group. The Chinese standard population in 2000 and Segi's world population were used to calculate age‐standardized rates. The annual percentage change (APC) in these rates was calculated using the Joinpoint Regression Program. Results In 2015, Inner Mongolia had 4324 new cases (4027 male vs. 297 female patients) and 3559 deaths (3300 male vs. 259 female patients) from esophageal cancer. The crude incidence, age‐standardized incidence by Chinese population, age‐standardized incidence by world population, and cumulative incidence were 13.45/100 000, 9.92/100 000, 10.18/100 000, and 1.30%, respectively. The corresponding figures for mortality were 11.32/100 000, 8.35/100 000, 8.53/100 000, and 1.04%. The incidence and mortality increased with age between 40 and 80 years. The rates in rural dwellers, especially men, showed negative APC (−13.25% vs. −11.08%; P < 0.05). Conclusions The incidence and mortality rates of esophageal cancer in Inner Mongolia increased between 2010 and 2015. The rates were higher in men in rural areas, middle‐aged and elderly individuals. Prevention and control programs focused on these groups, in addition to early diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer, are needed to reduce these rates. Key points Significant findings of the study: In Inner Mongolia, incidence and mortality rates of esophageal cancer were higher in urban areas than in rural areas and in men than in women between 2010 and 2015, and in middle‐aged and elderly than in younger people. What this study adds: Prevention and control programs, in addition to early diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer, should be tailored to specifically target men in rural areas and middle‐aged and elderly individuals in order to reduce the incidence and mortality rates of this pathology.

BackgroundThere has been a paucity of evidence examining whether preventable behavioral risk factors led to ethnic differences of gastric precancerous lesions (GPL). We aimed to investigate the ethnic disparity of associations between GPL and lifestyle factors in Mongolian and Han Chinese populations.MethodsThe study included participants aged 36-75 years enrolled in the Cancer Screening Program during 2016-2017 in Hohhot and Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia. GPL was defined as the gross cascading events (i.e., gastric ulcer, atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and dysplasia) that preceded gastric cancer.ResultsA total of 61638 participants were included, of whom 6863(11·1%) were Mongolians. Alcohol consumption was positively associated with GPL risk in both ethnic groups, but the magnitude was greater in Mongolians (odds ratio (OR) 6·91, 95%CI 5·82-8·28) than in Han Chinese (OR 5·64, 95%CI 5·27-6·04), corresponding to a higher population attributable fraction (PAF) for Mongolians (53·18% vs 43·71%). Besides, the strength of the positive association between physical inactivity and GPL risk was greater among Mongolians (OR 2·02, 95%CI 1·70-2·41; OR 1·09, 95%CI 1·02-1·17 among Han Chinese) with a higher PAF. Smoking was strongly associated with GPL risk in both ethnic groups as well, but the association was more prominent among Han Chinese (OR 5·24 (1·70-2·41) for &lt;10 cigarettes/d, 8·19 (7·48-8·97) for 11-20 cigarettes/d, 7·07 (6·40-7·81) for ≥21 cigarettes/d; the corresponding ORs were 2·96 (2·19-4·00), 6·22 (5·04-7·68), and 7·03 (5·45-9·08) among Mongolians). Lastly, our findings revealed that a significant correlation between insufficient fruits and vegetable consumption and GPL risk was only found among Mongolians (OR 1·27, 95%CI 1·04-1·56).ConclusionsOur result suggested that high-risk lifestyle factors should be reduced, particularly in Mongolians. Further studies are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and to reduce health disparities in underserved ethnic groups.

Background: The prevalence of Gastric precancerous lesion (GPL) exists ethnic differences, however, little evidence exists to clarify whether preventable behavioral risk factors lead to these differences. Objectives: To investigate the ethnic-difference of associations between GPL and behavioral risk factors in Mongol and Han Chinese population. Methods: The study included participants aged 36-75 years enrolling in the Cancer Screening Program during 2016-2017 from Hohhot and Tongliao City in Inner Mongolia. GPL defined as gastric ulcer, atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia. Results: A total of 61638 participants were included, of whom 6863(11.1%) were Mongolians. The prevalence of GPL for Mongolians (13.6%) was significantly higher than that of Han (10.2%). Compared with Han: (1) Mongolians have significantly higher proportion of alcohol consumption (23.1% vs 18.8%), along with a larger positive association for alcohol consumption with GPL, and a higher population attributable fraction (PAF) (P&lt;0.05); (2) Mongolians have significantly lower proportion of irregular physical activity (60.1% vs 62.3%), but with a larger positive association for irregular physical activity with GPL, and a higher PAF (P&lt;0.05). (3) Mongolians have significantly lower proportion of insufficient vegetables and fruits intake (80.6% vs 82.2%), the significant association for insufficient vegetable and fruit intake with GPL was observed only in Mongolians (P &lt; 0.05). (4) Mongolians have significantly higher proportion of smoking (23.1%), as the association for light smoking with GPL in Mongolians were lower than that in Han, resulting into similar PAF in two population. Conclusion: Mongolians should pay more attention to the intervention of behavioral risk factors. Additionally, the result may also reflect a different GPL pathogenesis in Mongolians. Association between behavioral risk factors and GPL in study populationBehavioral risk factorsExposure ratio (%) (95%CI)P for chi-square testOdd Ratio (95%CI )P for interactionPopulation attributable fraction (95%CI )Smoking (cigarettes/d)&lt;0.01&lt;0.01Han18.8 (18.5, 19.1)46.3 (44.6, 47.8)&lt;104.9 (4.7, 5.1)5.2 (4.7, 5.9)11-207.8 (7.6, 8.0)8.2 (7.5, 9.0)≥216.1 (5.9, 6.3)7.1 (6.4, 7.8)Mongol23.1 (22.1, 24.1)43.4 (39.1, 47.4)&lt;105.9 (5.3, 6.5)3.0 (2.2, 4.0)11-2010.9 (10.2, 11.7)6.2 (5.0, 7.7)≥216.3 (5.7, 6.9)7.0 (5.5, 9.1)Alcohol consumption&lt;0.010.015Han18.8 (18.5, 19.2)5.6 (5.3, 6.0)43.7 (42.1, 45.3)Mongol25.1 (24.0, 26.1)6.9 (5.8, 8.3)53.2 (49.0, 57.0)irregular physical activity0.001&lt;0.01Han62.3 (61.9, 62.7)1.1 (1.0, 1.2)5.6 (1.3, 9.8)Mongol60.1 (59.0, 61.3)2.0 (1.7,2.4)38.8 (30.5, 46.1)Insufficient vegetables and fruits intake0.0010.06Han82.2 (81.9, 82.5)1.0 (0.9,1.1)3.0 (-3.9, 9.5)Mongol80.6 (79.6, 81.5)1.3 (1.0,1.6)18.1 (2.5, 31.1) Citation Format: Weiqi Dong, Liying Qiao, Buqi Na, Weiwei Kang, Shengfeng Wang, Wenrui Wang, Yunfeng Xi. Ethnic differences in association of behavioral risk factors with gastric precancerous lesions in Inner Mongolia, China [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 842.

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