This review presents the recent developments in the research hotspots of advanced functional polymers; their concepts, design strategies, and applications are briefly discussed.

Figure 4. A-C) The CLSM imaging of HepG2 cells with DCFH/DA; D-F) with P1a2b (10 À5 m) pre-incubation for 30 min then DCFH/DA was added (l ex = 405 nm (blue), l ex = 485 (green)). G) The summary data of cell apoptosis with P1a2b (2.5 10 À5 m) for 24, 48 and 72 h in different cell lines.

The low-energy region of the potential energy surface (PES) of the protonated phenylalanine/serine dimer is mapped using the basin-hoping search algorithm, and 37 isomers are identified within 180 kJ·mol of the global-minimum structure. Cluster structures are grouped using hierarchical clustering to partition the PES in terms of nuclear configuration. Calculated IR spectra for the various isomers are then compared with the isomer-specific IR spectra by means of the cosine distance metric to facilitate spectral assignment and identify which regions of the PES are populated in the electrospray ionization process.

A novel multicomponent spiropolymerization was developed by using diisocyanide, alkyne and CO2, and 1,6-dioxospiro[4,4]nonane-3,8-diene was instantly formed.

Polyfurans (PFus) are a type of conjugated polymer but have usually been considered to be inherently unstable and poorly processable. In this work, the multicomponent cyclopolymerization (MCC) of diisocyanide, dialkylacetylene dicarboxylates, and dialdehyde was developed to prepare modified PFus under mild conditions with catalyst-free one-pot reactions. The approach afforded high molecular weight poly­(amine–furan–arylene)­s (PAFAs) (M w up to 76400), which contained 3,4-substituted furan that in situ formed during the polymerization, with good thermal stability and film-processing properties. All the experimental conditions such as molar ratio of monomers, polymerization solvents and temperature, monomer structures, and reactivity were investigated in detail. PAFAs’ structures were well characterized by GPC, FTIR, and NMR. One of the PAFAs carrying dimethylbenzene moieties exhibited the characteristics of a black material. Thus, this MCC provides a new method to modify PFus with a variety of functional groups of main and/or side chains.