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The tensile test is one of the main techniques of mechanical characterization of materials. It is a destructive test and, considering the preparation of the proof corps, it has high cost and is time consuming. This work intends to use Artificial Neural Networks to simulate the behavior of the tensile testing machine at different annealing temperatures of ferritic stainless steel AISI 430, stabilized with niobium. The samples were annealed at 14 different temperature values for one hour and cooled in the furnace. The results showed that the network correctly simulated the stressstrain curves generated during the tensile tests getting low average squared errors and hardening rates with even minor errors. This characterization indicates the possibility of refining the microstructure in the samples annealed below 700°C, this temperature recrystallization and secondary recrystallization at 900°C.

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ResumoO comportamento mecânico dos diferentes tipos de materiais é influenciado por diversas variáveis, dentre as quais, as condições adotadas para o processamento mecânico dos mesmos, as características estruturais e os aspectos metalúrgicos, por exemplo. Considerando essas variáveis, este trabalho apresenta o estudo do comportamento mecânico do aço inoxidável ferrítico AISI 430, estabilizado ao nióbio, para diferentes modos de pré-deformação: estampagem (estiramento) e tração com o subsequente carregamento em cisalhamento. Os resultados indicaram que o comportamento mecânico do material variou em função da direção de aplicação do esforço mecânico e do modo usado para a pré-deformação desse aço, ocasionando endurecimento e amaciamento. Palavras-chave: Aço AISI 430; Cisalhamento e trajetória de deformação. EFFECT OF SUCESSIVE CHANGES OF STRAIN PATH ON THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF AISI 430 STAINLESS STEEL AbstractThe mechanical behavior of different types of materials is influenced by many variables, among which, the conditions used for the mechanical processing of the same, the structural characteristics and metallurgical aspects, for example. Considering these variables, this work presents the study of the mechanical behavior of the ferritic stainless steel AISI 430, stabilized niobium for two modes of predeformation: forming (stretch) and tensile with subsequent loading in shearing. The results indicated that the mechanical behavior of the material was affected by the direction that the mechanical behavior was applied and the mode used for the predeformation of this steel, occurring hardening and softening.