Due to the important characteristics of energy saving and carbon reduction, electric vehicles have attracted worldwide attention. It can be predicted that the power grid will be faced with the access problem of large-scale electric vehicles. In order to master the user behavior characteristics of electric vehicle load, it is necessary to establish the model based on electric vehicle charging behavior. In this paper, combined with the electric vehicle charging demand and the situational awareness results of the dispatchable resources in the station area, the characteristic indicators of the electric vehicle load are quantitatively analyzed. Situational prediction of electric vehicle load based on random forest algorithm is proposed, and the sample set is divided and trained. A simulation example is used to verify the effectiveness of the method provided in load forecasting.

The development of both microgrids and electric vehicles has become an important part of the current energy scenario. Useful complementary advantages can be formed between electric vehicles and microgrids, the consumers of which can utilize renewable energy and narrow the peak–valley differences of the net load curve while ensuring their own pecuniary interests. Based on the idea of the Stackelberg game, an optimal dispatch model of a microgrid with electric vehicles is proposed herein, where the benefits of the state of charge are taken into account. In the upper layer of the model, the charging and discharging behaviors of electric vehicles are guided by the goal of minimizing the operating cost of the microgrid. In the lower layer of the model, electric vehicle users adjust the charging and discharging strategies with the goal of maximizing their individual interests. The study results demonstrate that the proposed model not only reflects the benefits of both the master and slave but also reduces the peak–valley differences of the microgrid load. Further, the charging and discharging times of electric vehicles are reduced, and their state of charge is maintained at a high level.

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