The hot water method conditions of extracting oligosaccharides from asparagus are: extraction temperature: 80°C, extraction time: 90min, solid-liquid ratio: 1:20, ethanol final concentration: 80%, ethanol precipitation time: 8h and extraction times: 2. Different auxiliary treatments were tested to enhance the extraction ratio and it was improved from 3.842% to 9.638% after microwave freeze-thawing. Comparing of oligosaccharides contents between purple asparagus and green asparagus in different parts, the results showed that the oligosaccharides content in purple asparagus is about 3.5 times as that in green asparagus, and the oligosaccharides content of peel is higher than that of pulp in both asparagus. Different purification tests showed that combined action of papain and Sevag obtained a better effect.

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The design, manufacture and test of a custom-made phase mask for use in a high-speed fringe projection system is presented. The mask produces a controlled anisotropic point spread function (PSF) that blurs binary fringes parallel to the fringe direction, to produce high quality greyscale patterns at up to the maximum projection rate, 22,000 frames s -1 , of the DMD (Digital Micromirror Device)-based projector. The paper describes the numerical design method based on a binary scatter plate; a polychromatic Fourier optics model to predict the device's optical performance; a method to design the fringe patterns; the manufacturing process, based on photolithography and reactive ion etching; and experimental validation of the phase mask performance. Noise in the computed height-encoding phase maps is found to be just 28% higher than for 8-bit greyscale fringe patterns produced by traditional temporal integration through a sequence of bit planes, but the projection rate is increased by over two orders of magnitude.