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Earthquake surface rupture is the result of transformation from crustal elastic strain accumulation to permanent tectonic deformation. The surface rupture zone produced by the 2001 Kunlunshan earthquake (M w 7.8) on the Kusaihu segment of the Kunlun fault extends over 426 km. It consists of three relatively independent surface rupture sections: the western strike-slip section, the middle transtensional section and the eastern strike-slip section. Hence this implies that the Kunlunshan earthquake is composed of three earthquake rupturing events, i.e. the M w =6.8, M w =6.2 and M w ≤7.8 events, respectively. The M w ≤7.8 earthquake, along the eastern section, is the main shock of the Kunlunshan earthquake, further decomposed into four rupturing subevents. Field measurements indicate that the width of a single surface break on different sections ranges from several meters to 15 m, with a maximum value of less than 30 m. The width of the surface rupture zone that consists of en echelon breaks depends on its geometric structures, especially the stepover width of the secondary surface rupture zones in en echelon, displaying a basic feature of deformation localization. Consistency between the Quaternary geologic slip rate, the GPS-monitored strain rate and the localization of the surface ruptures of the 2001 Kunlunshan earthquake may indicate that the tectonic deformation between the Bayan Har block and Qilian-Qaidam block in the northern Tibetan Plateau is characterized by strike-slip faulting along the limited width of the Kunlun fault, while the blocks themselves on both sides of the Kunlun fault are characterized by block motion. The localization of earthquake surface rupture zone is of great significance to determine the width of the fault-surface-rupture hazard zone, along which direct destruction will be caused by co-seismic surface rupturing along a strike-slip fault, that should be considered before the major engineering project, residental buildings and life line construction.Tibetan Plateau, Kunlunshan earthquake, earthquake surface rupture zone, deformation localization, rupture behaviorThe earthquake surface rupture behavior is the key linkage to understand transformation from elastic strain accumulation to permanent tectonic deformation in the crust. It contains basic information about the deformation pattern, amplitude of motion, movement state and earthquake faulting process in the continental crust [1][2][3] . Various empirical relationships between parameter of earthquake surface rupture zone in different faulting environments, such as the rupture length, rupture area, or coseismic displacement, and the earthquake moment magnitude, have been derived by many previous researchers on the basis of the basic parameters of earthquake surface rupture zones collected from earthquake rupture observation all over the world, in order to reach an insight into an inherence relation between the surface fault dislocation and earthquake focal rupturing [4][5][6] .

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