A new ocellate liverwort species, Cheilolejeunea zhui (Lejeuneaceae), is described from Guangxi, China. The new species is similar to the neotropical C. urubuensis in having moniliate ocelli in the leaf lobes and in general appearances but differs in having obliquely spreading leaves, obtuse to subacute leaf apex, thin‐walled leaf cells with distinct trigones, shallowly bifid female bracteole apex, and numerous ocelli in its perianths. Molecular phylogeny of data from three regions (nrITS, trn L–F, and trn G) confirmed the systematic position of this new species to be sister to C. urubuensis , well apart from the remaining members of the genus. Based on morphological and molecular evidence, Cheilolejeunea sect. Moniliocella sect. nov. is proposed to accommodate C. urubuensis and C. zhui . The discovery of C. zhui represents the fourth known species in Cheilolejeunea with linearly arranged ocelli.