Aim The aim was to examine the effect of role overload, work addiction and leader‐member exchange on missed nursing care. Design A cross‐sectional study. Methods Chinese registered nurses from five Sichuan province public hospitals were studied from March 2022–May 2022. The measurements were derived from a questionnaire on role overload, work addiction, missed nursing care, leader‐member exchange and a sociodemographic datasheet. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were conducted (N = 403). Results Role overload was associated with missed nursing care, and work addiction played a mediation role. Leader‐member exchange negatively predicted work addiction and played a moderating role between role overload and work addiction. The effect of role overload on work addiction was attenuated when the level of leader‐member exchange was higher. Promoting leader‐member exchange could mitigate how role overload undermines missed nursing care.

Neurosurgery is mainly for the treatment of head trauma, cerebrovascular disease, brain tumors, and spinal cord disorders. These operations are difficult and risky, so disability and mortality are high. To reduce the risk of surgery, reduce postoperative complications, and improve the treatment effect of patients, this article applies deep learning and microscopic imaging to the nursing process of neurosurgery. Through deep learning and microscopic imaging, doctors can learn about patients during surgery. The specific situation of the trauma site, after which surgery is performed according to the situation, effectively reduces the casualties, reduces the loss of patients, and provides a reference for the research of neurosurgery nursing. Research results prove that deep learning and microscopic imaging can play an important role in the nursing process of neurosurgery. Compared with conventional treatment methods, microscopic imaging treatment can effectively improve the treatment effect, and the operation time for patients is less than that of conventional treatment. About 20% and the incidence of postoperative complications is lower than 30%, which can effectively reduce the cost to patients and improve the quality of treatment.