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Primary brain tumors are a rare occurrence in comparison to other malignancies, the most predominant form being glioma. Commonly, exposure to ionizing radiations and inheritance of associated conditions such a neurofibromatosis and tuberous sclerosis are the most common causes of development of glioma. However, understanding of the molecular mechanisms that drive glioma development is limited. We explore the role of aberration of microRNA namely miR-494-3p through long noncoding RNA WT1-AS in the development of gliomas. In this study, we found that, levels of WT1-AS were significantly reduced in glioma tissues and cell lines. The miR-494-3p levels were negatively correlated with WT1-AS levels. The cellular proliferation and invasiveness decreased in WT1-AS transfected cell lines. Further the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of chemotherapeutic agent temozolomide was significantly reduced in the presence of WT1-AS. The cotransfection of WT1-AS and miR-494-3p reduced activation of phospho-AKT (p-AKT). Expression of miR-494-3p is modulated by binding to long noncoding RNA WT1-AS. Deregulation of WT1-AS leads to aberrant expression of miR-494-3p leading to hyperactivation of AKT. This malformation may result in altering protective immune responses in malignancies. Targeting of WT1-AS, miR-494-3p, and AKT may be novel therapeutic options in treatment of glioma.

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The microbial activity and soil enzyme activity are closely related to soil ecological functions. In this study, a flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) variety, K326, was planted and subjected to tillage methods of 20 cm of rotary tillage (control, RT20), 30 cm of deep tillage (DT30), 30 cm (ST30) and 40 cm (ST40) of subsoiling tillage. The expression profiling was conducted using Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing, and the changes of bacterial community structure and enzyme activity in the rhizosphere soil under different tillage treatments were assessed. In the results, the DT30, ST30 and ST40 measures significantly reduced activity of catalase, increased the activities of urease, acid phosphatase and cellulose, and increased the diversity and richness of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere soil. Compared to RT20 (control), the Shannon index of DT30 treatment increased by 3.58%, the Simpson index decreased by 47.46% and the ACE and Chao1 indexes of ST40 treatment increased by 2.77 and 3.38%, respectively. At the phylum and genus levels, the dominant bacterial communities and relative abundance of the bacterial communities under different tillage treatments were significantly different. Compared with RT20, the DT30, ST30 and ST40 treatments increased the relative abundance of Gemmatimonadetes phylum by 30.93, 20.97 and 11.44% and the relative abundance of Nitrospirae phylum increased by 54.55, 22.73 and 11.36%, respectively. In addition, the relative abundances of beneficial microorganisms such as Nocardioides, Gemmatimonas, and Sphingomonas genus in DT30 and ST30, ST40 treatments were more than control (RT20) treatments. In conclusion, the different ecological niche may create by great disturbance to soil in DT and ST treatments, the selection and adaptation of different microorganisms to the ecological niche may result in great changes in microbial species composition and community structure. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers © 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers© 2021 Friends Science Publishers©