In this work, the equilibrium solubility of buprofezin in different pure solvents was determined. The mole solubility of buprofezin in these studied pure solvents increased with increasing temperature. The solubility data decreased according to the following order: toluene > ethyl acetate > DMF > acetone > 1-octanol > 1-butanol > n-propanol > acetonitrile > isopropanol > ethanol > methanol > water. The results were correlated with four thermodynamic models (the modified Apelblat equation, λh equation, NRTL model, and Wilson model), and the values of root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) and relative average deviation (RAD) are no more than 27.26 × 10–4 and 2.76%, respectively. Due to the maximum values of RAD and RMSD were 1.58% and 3.77 × 10–4 in modified Apelblat equation, which indicate that it is a suitable model to describe the results. Besides, the mixing Gibbs energy, mixing enthalpy, and mixing entropy were computed. The values of Δmix G are negative in this experiment; therefore, the dissolution process is a spontaneous and favorable process, and the Δmix S are all positive, which indicate the dissolving process is entropy favorable as well.

Size-controlled cadmium sulfide nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by immobilizedRhodobacter sphaeroidesin the study. The dynamic process that Cd2+was transported from solution into cell by livingR. sphaeroideswas characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Culture time, as an important physiological parameter forR. sphaeroidesgrowth, could significantly control the size of cadmium sulfide nanoparticles. TEM demonstrated that the average sizes of spherical cadmium sulfide nanoparticles were 2.3 ± 0.15, 6.8 ± 0.22, and 36.8 ± 0.25 nm at culture times of 36, 42, and 48 h, respectively. Also, the UV–vis and photoluminescence spectral analysis of cadmium sulfide nanoparticles were performed.

The development of highly sensitive and selective detection techniques for the discrimination of relevant toxic benzenethiols and biologically active aliphatic thiols is of considerable importance in the fields of chemical, biological, and environmental sciences. In this article, we describe a new design of reaction-based fluorescent probe for discrimination of thiophenols over aliphaticthiols through intramolecular charge transfer pathways using N-butyl-4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide as a fluorophore, the strongly electron-withdrawing 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonamide group as a recognition unit, and 2,3-dihydroimidazo-[1,2-a] pyridine moiety as a linker. This rational design not only affords finely tunable spectroscopic properties by adding 2,3-dihydroimidazo-[1,2-a] pyridine moiety but also provides the chance to regulate the selectivity and sensitivity of the probe due to the formation of a new type of potentially reversible sulfonamide bond through 4-dimethylaminopyridine-like resonance. The developed probe displayed high off/on signal ratios, good selectivity, and sensitivity with a detection limit of 20 nM and a relative standard deviation of 1.7% for 11 replicate detections of 0.33 μM thiophenol and was successfully applied to the determination of thiophenols in water samples with quantitative recovery (from 94% to 97%) demonstrating its application prospect for thiophenols sensing in environmental and biological sciences.

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