IntroductionFew studies have objectively evaluated cognitive deficits after the acute phase of COVID-19 disease. Moreover, the role of apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes in cognitive decline in patients with COVID-19 has not been evaluated yet.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in confirmed cases of COVID-19 patients with neurological symptoms that persisted for more than 3 months from the onset. We determined APOE genotypes.ResultsThe final sample consisted of 141 patients. The most frequent APOE genotype was E3/E3 (N = 95; 67.3%). In total, 93 patients (65.9%) had memory impairment symptoms as the main complaint, objectively confirmed through screening tests in 25 patients (17.7%). Patients with cognitive impairment had a lower frequency of anosmia than the normal and subjective cognitive decline (SCD) groups (p = 0.005). In addition, depression was recurrent in the cognitive impairment group and the SCD group (p = 0.046). Cognitive impairment was significantly more frequent in hospitalized patients and those with a lower education level. Cognitive status was not associated with APOE genotypes.DiscussionHospitalized patients had more severe infection with a greater possibility of systemic complications, greater inflammatory response, and prolonged hospitalization, which could impact cognitive performance. Cognitive impairment in patients with COVID-19 does not necessarily involve specific APOE polymorphisms. However, psychiatric disorders may also be responsible for cognitive complaints. Cognitive complaints are frequent in patients with COVID-19, even after the acute phase of the disease and in mild cases. Hospitalized participants and depressed patients may have a higher risk of cognitive impairment. APOE genotypes or haplotypes may not significantly play a role in COVID-19 cognitive impairment.

Background: COVID-19 neurological manifestations were demonstrated during the pandemic, including cognitive impairment. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of cognitive and behavioral complaints (such as dementia, MCI or SCD) in a outpatient sample with recent SARS-COV2 infection. Specific: Evaluate the association of cognitive impairment with the presence of the polymorphism found in the APOE gene and with respiratory disease. Methodology: Observational, longitudinal, prospective clinical study. Inclusion criteria: patients with confirmed Covid-19. Patients are evaluated in an outpatient clinic. They are evaluated through a standardized attendance record, with somatic and cognitive neurological assessment. Cognitive assessment involves the application of cognitive (ACER, MMSE and CDR), functional (Pfeffer) and psychiatric (GDS or Beck) screening instruments, in addition to subsequent extensive neuropsychological assessment. In addition, APOE polymorphism is analysed. Preliminary. Results: To date, 191 patients and 11 controls were evaluated. The average age is 46.5 years, with 65.4% female, 79.16% with 8 or more years of schooling, in addition to 57.5% of the sample with cognitive complaints. Conclusions: The results so far in our study demonstrate that cognitive complaints are frequent in patients even in the chronic phase of the disease.

No abstract

Background COVID‐19 neurological manifestations were demonstrated during the pandemic, including cognitive impairment. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of cognitive and behavioral complaints (such as dementia, MCI or SCD) in a outpatient sample with recent SARS‐COV2 infection. Specific: Evaluate the association of cognitive impairment with the presence of the polymorphism found in the APOE gene and with respiratory disease Method Observational, longitudinal, prospective clinical study. Inclusion criteria: patients with confirmed Covid‐19. Patients are evaluated in an outpatient clinic. They are evaluated through a standardized attendance record, with somatic and cognitive neurological assessment. Cognitive assessment involves the application of cognitive (ACER, MMSE and CDR), functional (Pfeffer) and psychiatric (GDS or Beck) screening instruments, in addition to subsequent extensive neuropsychological assessment. In addition, APOE polymorphism is analysed. Results To date, 200 patients were evaluated. The average age is 46.5 years, with 65.4% female, 79.16% with 8 or more years of schooling, in addition to 57.5% of the sample with cognitive complaints. Conclusions The results so far in our study demonstrate that cognitive complaints are frequent in patients even in the chronic phase of the disease.