Melt dispersion processing-without solvents or "secondary dopants"-pushes polyaniline reproducibly to the metallic side of the IM transition, although the undispersed polyaniline is on the insulator side. This is the first time that a conductive polymer is found there without applying pressure. The transition to the metallic state is associated with a decrease of the C6-N-C6 angle from 166 • to 134 • . PACS. 71.30.+h Metal-insulator transitions and other electronic transitions -75.40.Cx Static properties (order parameter, static susceptibility, heat capacities, critical exponents, etc.) -61.10.-i X-ray diffraction and scatteringThe nature of charge transport in conductive polymers is broadly evaluated and discussed [1,2]. First products based on polyaniline are introduced into the market [3] and further technological potentials ranging from allpolymer integrated circuits [4] and light-emitting diodes [5] over drug release substrates and sensors to nanotechnological devices [6] may now become realistic. Applications like corrosion protection and final finish of printed circuit boards require two key properties to be jointly active: the noble metallic character and the catalytic capability [3]. The metallic behaviour is still a matter of debate, as polyanilines, polyacetylenes, or polypyrroles show partially metallic features, but most are on the insulator side of the "insulator-to-metal (IM) transition". Quite a few are sample dependent after solvent-borne "secondary doping" [7] in the critical regime, or cross the IM transition to the metallic side, however this is reproducible only under pressure [8,9].Processing of conductive polymers (organic metals) is a key problem for basic research and industrial applications. After the usual protonation of polyaniline (PAni) creating mobile charges, two approaches are used: i) A "secondary doping" process, e.g., with m-cresol, has been shown to increase conductivity and crystallinity of polyaniline [10].ii) Melt dispersion of PAni in an insulating polymer matrix [11]: for example, PAni protonated with p-toluenesulfonic acid (pTsA) has been dispersed in a Mailing address:
Performing hundreds of test runs and a source-code analysis, we empirically identified improved parameter configurations for the CryptoMiniSat (CMS) 5 for solving cryptographic CNF instances originating from algebraic known-plaintext attacks on 3 rounds encryption of the Small AES-64 model cipher SR(3, 4, 4, 4). We finally became able to reconstruct 64-bit long keys in under an hour real time which, to our knowledge, has never been achieved so far. Especially, not without any assumptions or previous knowledge of key-bits (for instance in the form of side-channels, as in Mohamed et al., <em>Improved Algebraic Side-Channel Attack on AES</em>, 2012). A statistical analysis of the non-deterministic solver runtimes was carried out and command line parameter combinations were defined to yield best runtimes which ranged from under an hour to a few hours in median at the beginning. We proceeded using an Automatic Algorithm Configuration (AAC) tool to systematically extend the search for even better solver configurations with success to deliver even shorter solving times. In this work we elaborate on the systematics we followed to reach our results in a traceable and reproducible way. The ultimate focus of our investigations is to find out if CMS, when appropriately tuned, is indeed capable to attack even bigger and harder problems than the here solved ones. For the domain of cryptographic research, the duration of the solving time plays an inferior role as compared to the practical feasibility of finding a solution to the problem. The perspective scalability of the here presented results is the object of further investigations.
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