Sexual coercion has gained researchers' attention as an underreported form of sexual abuse or harm. The percentage of male and female college students who reported engaging in sexual coercion was as high as 82% for verbally coercive behaviors over the course of a year. Guided by heterosexual scripting theory and the integrated model of behavioral prediction, we examine potential factors associated with college students' intentions to sexually coerce or to intervene when friends plan to sexually coerce (bystander intention). Factors included young college students' beliefs about rape myth acceptance, perceived norms, efficacy to reduce sexual-assault risk, and exposure to men's and women's magazines. As predicted, results indicate rape myth acceptance was positively associated with intentions to sexually coerce, and negatively associated with bystander intentions to intervene. Students' efficacy to reduce sexual-assault risk was negatively associated with intentions to sexually coerce, and positively associated with bystander intentions. Exposure to the heterosexual scripts in men's magazines, which connect sexual prowess to masculinity, was associated with intentions to sexually coerce. Exposure to magazines was not associated with bystander intentions to intervene. Overall, an understanding of the independent contribution of these factors toward sexual coercion and intervention has implications for dating violence prevention programming.
Negative attitudes toward being overweight or obese are widespread, and these notions perpetuate into conceptions about one's health. Clinically, being overweight is associated with health problems such as diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, and many other illnesses. African American women, who are generally larger in body size, are a particular target for health interventions. However, these women have resisted the "obesity" label, arguing that dominant measures of health are White norms and oppressive. Through the use of in-depth interviews, this study investigates how African American women understand and experience healthfulness, body image, and barriers to each. Findings show that African American women are ambivalent in their acceptance of dominant markers of health and expressed an almost universal disdain for the thin ideal as a marker of "good" health and a positive body image. Moreover, participants articulated a suspicion of formal medical measurements of obesity.
SOJ PsychologyOpen Access Research Article highly sexual [4,5]. Estimates of the prevalence of sexual content in music videos have ranged from 36-75%, depending on the year, definition of "sexual content," and the type of sampling used [5]. Typical examples of sexual content identified in music video research have included provocative dress or dancing and sexual touching, such as caressing oneself or kissing [6][7][8]. However, the coding schemes used in music video research have typically been more adept at identifying overt than covert sexual content, such as makeup or close-ups of attractive faces.The sexual content of music videos has tended to be gender stereotypic. Specifically, women in music videos have often been portrayed as the objects of sexual attention, for the gratification of on or off-screen men [7,9]. The supporting female characters in music videos have often appeared as hypersexual objects without agency, lack a role outside their function as living decor, or have no identifiable personality traits [9]. Unfortunately, researchers have devoted far less attention to stereotypic representations of masculinity in music videos; however, it appears that men have not been sexualized to the same extent as women [10].
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