We contextualize the improved gauge-unfixing (GU) formalism within a rather general prototypical second-class system, obtaining a corresponding first-class equivalent description enjoying gauge invariance which can be applied to several situations. The prototypical system is chosen to represent a considerable class of relevant models in field theory. By considering the improved version of the GU formalism, we show that any gauge-invariant function can be obtained in terms of a specific deformation in phase space, benefiting thus from the fact that no auxiliary variables are needed in the process. In this way, the resulting converted first-class system is constructed out of the same original canonical variables, preserving the number of degrees of freedom. We illustrate the technique with an application to the nonlinear sigma model.
Neste trabalho investigamos a estrutura canônica do Modelo Sigma Não linear (MSNL), que originalmente é um sistema de segunda classe utilizando o método gauge unfixing (GU) aprimorado. Tal investigação teve como objetivo analisar a eficiência e vantagens do GU aprimorado em comparação com o GU usual, mostrando ser uma boa alternativa para um método de conversão de vínculos. Ao aplicá-lo no MSNL, pudemos modificar diretamente as variáveis do espaço de fase original do sistema sem a necessidade de implementação de variáveis ou campos extras, a fim de torná-lo de primeira classe e consequentemente invariante de gauge. Ao final do processo obtivemos as novas respecivas variáveis de campo, lagrangiana e hamiltoniana invariantes de gauge. Ao se comparar com os parênteses de Dirac generalizados do mesmo modelo, pudemos obter os mesmos resultados, mostrando-se assim ser um método de estrutura consistente e uma melhor alternativa em comparação ao GU usual.
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