Setyono P, Himawan W. 2018. Analyses of bioindicators and physicochemical parameters of water of Lake Tondano, North Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 867-874. The water quality of Lake Tondano is affected by various anthropogenic activities on the water body and catchment area. The purposes of this research were (i) to identify a pollution load based on the study of bioindicators and physicochemical parameters and (ii) to identify the trophic level of the Lake Tondano. The research data were collected by direct water sampling and analyses of a secondary data. The plankton identification was conducted in a laboratory. The data were analyzed to determine biodiversity index (ID) using the Shannon Weiner formula. A comparison between physicochemical parameters and the standard in the government regulation number 82, the year of 2001 and the value of diversity index were used to determine the pollution level. The trophic level was calculated with the Carlson Formula. The results showed that the diversity index (H') in Lake Tondano was 1.904 (phytoplankton), 1.712 (zooplankton) and 2.086 (benthos) which indicated a low to mid-level pollution. Based on the government regulation, the Eris station had inappropriate water quality for the present utilization (Class II). The trophic state was categorized as eutrophic towards hypertrophic condition indicated by domination of the phytoplankton and large covers of the water hyacinth.

Abstract. Putri FK, Alicia F, Noven HJ, Sholiqin M, Himawan W, Javarendra RA, Liza N, Partasasmita R, Iskandar J, Naim DM, Setyawan AD. 2021. Conservation implication and traditional ecological knowledge on trading bird: A case study in Depok bird market in Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 5636-5647. Bird species have been the most popular animals in Indonesia for such a long time. Therefore, the demand for birds has been rising in urban areas. The bird species are usually traded, including selling and buying activities in urban bird markets. The increase of bird trading in Indonesia also increased Indonesian people's economic and social benefits. Consequently, there is a chance that many bird trading in bird markets are not managed carefully without preventing bird species extinction in rural ecosystems. This paper aimed to assess the conservation status of birds sold and the Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) of bird traders in Depok bird market in Surakarta (Solo), Central Java, Indonesia. The study used a qualitative method with the ethno-ornithological approach. The results showed that the diversity of birds encountered in the bird market of Depok was considered high, 55 species were recorded, representing 29 families. The Indonesian law protects seven bird species while 12 species are considered endemic. Moreover, 8 birds are included in IUCN Red List. The bird naming is based on particular categories agreed on in the local community. Furthermore, social involvement through education and local wisdom might profoundly impact conservation efforts to preserve the bird population.

The calculation of the carrying capacity of urban settlements is intended to determine the availability and status of environmental aspects that are utilized by the community. This study aims to examine the availability of environmental support aspects in Jebres District, Surakarta City through the das sein and das sollen approaches. The results of this study indicate that the availability of settlements and supporting aspects in the Jebres District are still able to support the demand for housing in 2018 and projections until 2055. Analysis through the expectation approach (das sein) for 100% decent settlements and the quality of the supporting aspects capable has not been fully realized concretely (das sollen). The availability of green open space (RTH) in Jebres District also does not meet the standards set by the government (30%) where the total area of ​​green open space in Jebres District is 23% of the total. The results of this study are related to the 3rd, 4th and 11th environmental principles. Keywords: carrying capacity, das sein-das sollen, environmental principles, green open space, settlements.

Abstract-Asteraceae

Abstract. Sunarto, Wiryanto, Himawan W. 2016. The estimation of emission from the gateways to Surakarta City, Indonesia using the software of Mobilev 3.0 as the basis for an action plan of emission control. Nusantara Bioscience 8: 288-296. Surakarta is the center for activities of a pseudo area unit called Greater Solo, which includes several regencies nearby, bordering on Surakarta City. As a result, many commuters enter Surakarta daily, most of whom using personal vehicles, causing high emission from mobile sources especially during working days. Heavy traffic can be seen in several main gateways to the city, namely two-way traffic section of Slamet Riyadi Street, Adi Sucipto Street, Ir Sutami Street, Yos Sudarso Street and Mangunsarkoro Street. Emission from transportation on those streets is higher than that of Central Business District (CBD). The objective of this study was to estimate the emission from mobile sources on the gateways to Surakarta City as an input for an action plan to reduce urban emission. The number of vehicles on the five gateways was counted by direct observation using CCTV belonging to the Office of Transportation, Communication and Information of Surakarta City in 2012. The estimation of emission from transportation was done using software of Mobilev 3.0. Data conversion was done using Microsoft Excel. The results showed that in 2012, the total Average Daily Traffic (ADT) on the five gateways was 442,959 units of vehicles. The highest ADT was found on Ir Sutami Street, which was 110,537 units/day. Most of the vehicles were motorcycles (75%) and personal passenger cars (17%). Other gateways had similar composition, but their exact numbers varied. This composition was an obvious indicator of community preference for personal vehicles over public transportation. The estimate of emission on the five gateways was 84.87 ton/yr of CH 4 , 1,829.56 ton/yr of CO, 46,212.03 ton/yr of CO 2 , 946.29 ton/yr of HC/NMVOC, 190.13 of NOx ton/yr, 14.75 ton/yr of PM 10 and 2.52 ton/yr of NH 3 . The amount of emission was influenced by the number and composition of vehicles on each street. The total consumption of fuel on the five gateways was 14,884.35 ton/yr, mostly by motorcycles (34%) and personal passenger cars (29%). The composition of fuel was 61% of gasoline and 39% of diesel. Most of the time, the traffic scenario was heavy except for Ir Sutami Street and Mangunsarkoro Street in which the traffic was stopped and go.