MAHYUNI, R., KUSUMA,Y. W. C., WIHERMANTO & VELDKAMP, J. F. 2015. Notes on Rafflesia (Rafflesiaceae) in Sumatra with a new record Rafflesia gadutensis Meijer. Reinwardtia 14(2): 317 - 322. Pulau Mursala is a small island west of the Sibolga, Tapanuli Tengah District, North Sumatra, Indonesia. The occurrence of the genus Rafflesia (Rafflesiaceae) there has never been reported before. However, during a visit in April 2013 three populations are located close together with more than twenty buds and some rotting blooming flowers, Tetrastigma sp. was detected. Field observations could be made and material was collected for comparison with that in the Herbarium Bogoriense (BO). It was concluded that they are R.gadutensis Meijer, which is known from Padang, Ulu Gadut. Notes on its morphology are given. The distribution of species is discussed.

The Mount Gede-Pangrango National Park has an attractive landscape view of mount summits with its crater, genuine flora and fauna of tropical rainforest, and a mild weather. Exploitation is forbidden in the area, but in reality encroachments occur, which will lead to changes in plant population status, particularly for threatened species. The aims of the research were investigate the populations status, dispersion pattern and possible interspecific associations of threatened plant species occurred in the sub montane and montane zones of the Mount Gede-Pangrango National Park. Most of the threatened species occurred in the park had clumped distributions and only one of those showed a regular dispersion, namely Symplocos costata. It should be realized that populations with a clumped dispersion tend to provide over or under estimation of abundance, indicating the need for a larger sampling unit to cover. Based on the association tests conducted, three species (Antidesma tetrandrum, Pinanga coronata, and Castanopsis javanica) were significantly associated with Saurauia bracteosa, while Altingia excelsa and A. tetrandrum with Symplocos costata, as they had association indices more 0.3 using Jaccard Index. Pinanga coronata seems to be relatively closely associated with Saurauia cauliflora, Altingia excelsa with S. bracteosa, and Castanopsis javanica with S. costata. In contrast, Pinanga javana, Calamus adspersus, and Rhododendron album had low degrees of association, indicating their low abundance and co-occurrence with other species. Seven species of threatened plants were recorded in the Mount Gede-Pangrango: 5 of which had been proposed to change in their status. They were Calamus adspersus from vulnerable (V) changed into vulnerable (V UD2)., Lithocarpus indutus from vulnerable changed into critically endangered, Pinanga javana from endangered changed into vulnerable, Rhododendron album from vulnerable changed into endangered, and Saurauia bracteosa from vulnerable changed into endangered. 2004 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS Surakarta

The assessment of plant extinction is strongly influenced by the number of populations and the number of localities found for the species target. A larger population and a large number of localities, the results of the assessment will be easier to conclude. However, if the population and location of the plant are not known, even if there is only one location recorded in the herbarium, then there is a challenge in determining the final result of the assessment. This paper will reveal the challenges and the final results of the assessment where only one location is known based on the herbarium records. The species is Beilschmiedia lancifolia Miq. The species was first published in 1852 collected from Mount Ungaran, Indonesia. There have been no additional records of B. lancifolia since its first collection. To update the conservation status of the species, we conducted population assessment in Mount Ungaran using a focused survey method. In spite of the intensive surveys on each side of Mount Ungaran within the species' known elevation range, we could not find a single individual of B. lancifolia. Based on our findings, we proposed to add the Possibly Extinct (PE) to the present status of B. lancifolia.

The discovery of Pinaga javana Blume in Mount Ungaran is new information for the distribution of this palm because there was no record of this palm on Mount Ungaran. Therefore, to reveal the population of P. javana in Mount Ungaran, this research was carried out to determine the population structure and habitat preference of P. javana. The study for P. javana was conducted using the focused survey method to explore all the side of Mount Ungaran (northern, southern, western, and eastern). The total area explored is 13 locations. All palm individuals have been recorded for diameter, height, and habitat. The results showed that from 13 locations, the population of P. javana was only found in 5 locations. Mainly on the southern side of Mount Ungaran. The total population of P. javana is around 213 individuals. The highest number of individuals is in the seedlings stage. The population of P. javana found is mostly on steep slopes compared to ridges that tend to be flat. In addition, the suspected habitat as a specific preference is the position of the slopes that are closer to the water source (river). The study also found that the distribution of P. javana was assisted by a dispersal agent (forest civet). In general, this study provides new information for the distribution records of P. javana in Java. Therefore, in this palm conservation function, special efforts are needed to increase the population of P. javana on Mount Ungaran.