The aim of this research was to analyze the correlation of age of Bali bull to the body weight and semen qualities. The materials were 50 Balibulls data collected from 2012 to 2018. Therecordeddatawere consisted ofsemen productions (n = 1304) and body weight (n = 1544). The observation was conducted to analysis the interrelationship between the Bali bulls age and body weight (BW), to the semen volume (SV), individual motility (IM) and sperm concentration (SC). The obtained data was analyzed with One-Way ANOVA analysisby using SPSS 24 and followed with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test to determine any significant differences. The correlation between Bali bulls age (the independent variable) and semen quality (the dependent variable) was computed by using Pearson correlation method and presented in linear regression models. The results showed that the Bali bulls agesignificantly affect (P<0.05) the BW from the age of 1 to 10 years old. The age also showed a significant effect (P<0.05) on the semen qualities. The age correlated significantly (P<0.05) with BW, SV, IM, SC were 0.658, 0.386, 0.134 and 0.086, respectively. Inconclusion,the age of Bali bull could be used as an indicator todetermineits BWand semenqualities.

A study was conducted to assess the genetic diversity among Simmental Cross cattle in West Sumatra using microsatellite DNA markers. A total of 176 individual cattle blood samples was used for obtaining DNA samples. Twelve primers of microsatellite loci as recommended by FAO were used to identify the genetic diversity of the Simmental Cross cattle population. Multiplex DNA fragment analysis method was used for allele identification. All the microsatellite loci in this study were highly polymorphic and all of the identified alleles were able to classify the cattle population into several groups based on their genetic distance. The heterozygosity values of microsatellite loci in this study ranged from 0.556 to 0.782. The polymorphism information content (PIC) value of the 12 observed loci is high (PIC>0.5). The highest PIC value in the Simmental cattle population was 0.893 (locus TGLA53), while the lowest value was 0.529 (locus BM1818). Based on the genetic distance value, the subpopulation of the Simmental Cross-Agam and the Simmental Cross-Limapuluh Kota was exceptionally close to the Simmental Purebred thus indicating that a grading-up process has taken place with the Simmental Purebred. In view of the advantages possessed by the Simmental Cross cattle and the evaluation of the genetic diversity results, a number of subpopulations in this study can be considered as the initial (base) population for the Simmental Cross cattle breeding programs in West Sumatra, Indonesia.

Genetics characterization in livestock based on microsatellite has been widely implemented including for Bali cattle in three different breeding centres in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine diversity of Bali cattle microsatellites in three breeding centers namely BPTU Bali cattle in Bali, BPT-HMT Serading Sumbawa in West Nusa Tenggara, and Village Breeding Center in South Sulawesi. The number of animals used in this study was 95 head of cattle consisted of 32 heads from BPTU Bali Province, 32 heads from BPT-HMT Serading Sumbawa, and 31 heads from Village Barru Breeding Center Barru distric. Microsatellite loci used to determine the diversity was the locus SPS115, INRA037, MM12, and ETH185 based on flourescently labeled fragment method. Data analysis of microsatellite in Bali cattle at three different locations was performed by using POPGEN 1.2, Cervus, and POPTREE2 programs. The results showed that microsatellite diversity in Bali cattle detected 32 alleles from three different locations, and there were specific alleles at each location. Average values of observed heterozygosity (Ho) and expected heterozygosity (He) were 0.418 and 0.604 respectively, while the average value of polymorphism informative content (PIC) was 0.579. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in general suggested that the loci used in the Bali cattle in three populations were in equilibrium, except INRA037 and ETH185. The genetic diversity between populations of Bali cattle was 0.033 (3%), while the inbreeding coefficient index in all populations was 0.296 (29.6 %). Bali cattle phylogeny tree with three populations showed that the populations of Bali cattle in BPTU Bali and VBC Barru had close genetic distance compared to the population of Bali cattle in BPT-HMT Serading Sumbawa. The results of this study provide information that the characteristics of Bali cattle breeding centers in three locations are different, so we need a directed breeding program in each population.

Ongole Crossbred cattle or more popular known as Peranakan Ongole (PO) cattle is one of local breeds cattle in Indonesia. For improving the population and genetic quality, superior bull with high capacity to produce semen is seriously required. This study aimed to find out the estimation value of semen production of PO bull based on body weight and scrotal circumference. A total sampling of 9 bull candidates of PO cattle available at National Artificial Center (NAIC) Singosari, Malang, Indonesia were used in this study. The method used was case study. Scrotal circumference was directly measured as a primary data. While body weight, semen volume, semen concentration and sperm motility were collected from BBIB Singosari from secondary data. Data was analyzed using simple linear regression. The results showed that with the limited number of samples, there is no significant correlation (P>0.05) between body weight and scrotal circumference on semen volume, semen concentration, and sperm motility. It was concluded that with limited number of samples involved in this study, there was no significantly on semen production based on body weight and scrotal circumference on PO bull. The suggestion was to improve the correlation value and significant result. The number of samples should be increased.

This study was aimed to evaluate the reproduction index of Kacang goat does reared under closed population with extensive farming system in the Fishpond area of Buduran Sub-District, Sidoarjo Regency, East Java Province, Indonesia. A total of 146 Kacang does data were purposively selected and collected from around 1, 700 Kacang goat population through survey and interview with 12 farmers. All of the obtained data collected, were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that most of the Kacang goat dams (67.80%) delivered single kid, and then followed with twin (30.13%) and triplet (2.05%) per partus, with the average litter size of 1.34 ± 0.51. The pre-weaning mortality observed was about 20.40%. The kidding interval and days open were 7.41 ± 0.99 and 2.41 ± 0.99 months, respectively. Moreover, the results also showed that the Kacang does had the reproduction index of 1.69. The research concluded that Kacang goats are well adapted and suitable to be reared with extensive farming system in Sidoarjo Regency regarding to reproduction index and -performances.