Objective: to assess the socioeconomic and demographic profiles of patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of diabetic foot in a tertiary hospital in Belem-PA, Brazil, as well as to evaluate risk factors for lower limb amputations in such patients, classifying them according to the Wagner and PEDIS classifications. Methods: we conducted a descriptive, cross-sectional, unicentric, and analytical study carried out through a structured questionnaire. Results: the study consisted of 57 patients, aged between 48 and 84 years old, 66.7% being male. The average income ranged between one and three (61.4%) minimum wages and below one minimum wage (31.6%). Type II Diabetes Mellitus was predominant (86.0%). Concerning comorbidities, arterial hypertension displayed the highest proportion (62.3%), followed by dyslipidemia (52.8%). Smokers comprised 35.1% of the sample. Infectious diabetic foot (50.9%) and mixed diabetic foot (49.1%) were the most common. Of the 20 patients with previous amputation, 90% had undergone minor amputation, and 10%, major ones. Callosity (92.6%) was the most prevalent deformity. Fifty-four (94.7%) patients underwent surgery, those being debridement (24.1%), minor amputation (37.0%) and major amputation (38.9%). During hospitalization, 78.9% of individuals did not require ICU stay. Hospitalization time varied between three and 59 days, and 78.9% of hospitalized patients did not progress to death, but 43.1% of patients submitted to major amputations died. Conclusion: patients with diabetic foot followed-up have a low socioeconomic profile; most of them underwent surgical procedures, whether major or minor, due to the higher prevalence of infectious diabetic foot and/or non-adherence to non-operative treatment.
Identificar as alterações biomecânicas nos pés de pacientes internados com diagnóstico de pé diabético em um hospital terciário de Belém-PA, bem como avaliar os fatores de riscos sóciodemográficos relacionados Métodos: estudo descritivo, transversal, unicêntrico e analítico realizado mediante questionário estruturado com perguntas objetivas e com posterior análise estatística descritiva dos resultados obtidos de pacientes diagnosticados com pé diabético em um hospital terciário de Belém-PA. Resultados: Estudo foi composto por 57 pacientes, com idade variando entre 48 e 84 anos, sendo 66.7% masculino. A renda medida oscilou entre 01 a 03 salários. O Diabetes Mellitus do tipo II foi predominante (86.0%). HAS obteve maior proporção (62.3%), seguida da Dislipidemia (52.8%). O tipo mais comum de pé diabético foi o neuropático (59.6%). A calosidade representou a alteração biomecânica mais frequente seguida por deformidades como proeminências ósseas, dedo em garra e sobreposição de dedos. Conclusão: O presente estudo revelou que no HUJBB em Belém-Pará a ocorrência de pé diabético foi maior nos pacientes do sexo masculino com mais de 50 anos de idade. Predominaram pacientes de baixa renda, com pouca escolaridade, portador de Diabetes tipo II e significativo acometimento neuropático do pé, denotando a contínua necessidade de inspecionar os pés e orientar a seleção de calcados como medidas preventivas de complicações biomecânicas e amputações. Palavras-chave: pé diabético, amputação, extremidade inferior, fatores de risco ABSTRACT Objective: Identify the biomechanical changes in the foot of patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of diabetic foot in a tertiary hospital in Belém-PA, as well as assess the related socio-demographic risk factors. Methods: descriptive, cross-sectional, unicentric and analytical study carried out through a structured questionnaire. Results: The study consisted of 57 patients, aged between 48 and 84 years old, 66.7% male. The avarege income ranged between 01 to 03 (61.4%) wages and below 01 minimum wage (31.6%). Type II Diabetes Mellitus presented 86.0. With regard to comorbidities, SAH obtained the higher proportion (62.3%), followed by Dyslipidemia (52.8%). Callosity represented the most frequent biomechanical alteration (92.6%) followed by deformities such as bony prominences, claw fingers and overlapping fingers. Conclusion: The present study revealed that at the HUJBB in Belém-Pará, the occurrence of diabetic foot was higher in male patients over 50 years of age. Low-income patients, with little education, with type II Diabetes and significant neuropathic involvement of the foot predominated, denoting the continuous need to inspect the feet and guide the selection of footwear as preventive measures for biomechanical complications and amputations.
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